非数字原生企业创新生态系统构建机制研究--来自海尔的启示

Research on the Construction Mechanism of Innovation Ecosystem of non-born Digital Enterprises:A Case Study from Haier

数字经济时代,如何应用数字技术改善企业创新生态系统成为非数字原生企业整合创新资源、实现价值获取与创造的关键。文章采用案例研究法,以中国家电制造业企业海尔为研究对象,通过追踪其数字化转型及构建创新生态系统的过程揭示非数字原生企业构建新型创新生态系统的关键机制。研究结果显示:第一,基于数字平台的创新生态系统是组织结构、管理模式、技术平台以及战略等多重因素共同作用的结果,案例企业创新生态系统的形成正是建立在上述组织基础、技术基础和战略基础之上。第二,管理变革是非数字原生企业建立数字化组织以及形成基于数字平台创新生态系统管理基础的重要途径,案例企业通过管理变革建立无边界组织以及数字化转型的组织基础。第三,技术平台是企业获取以及整合数字化资源、赋能生态伙伴的重要工具,能促进企业形成创新生态系统。案例企业正是通过技术平台汇聚数字化资源,以及向合作伙伴提供创新资源与支持性流程。第四,生态品牌战略为数字化情境下企业与生态伙伴确定价值共创方向提供指引,是非数字原生企业通过基于数字平台创新生态系统进行数字化转型的战略基础。案例企业依据其生态品牌战略建设生态品牌和生态场景,并改善其与生态伙伴合作关系,进而提升创新生态系统的整体价值,最终强化了其数字化转型成果。

In the era of digital economy,the application of digital technologies in improving the enterprise innovation ecosystem is essential for non-born digital enterprises to integrate innovation resources,realize value acquisition and creation right now.This research adopts the case study method and takes Haier,which is a Chinese household appliance manufacturing enterprise,as the research object.Moreover,the research tracks the process of Haier's digital transformation and the way it builds an emerging innovation ecosystem to reveal the key mechanism for non-born digital enterprises to build an emerging innovation ecosystem.The process of the case enterprise establishing the innovation ecosystem based on digital platform can be divided into three stages,namely,the pioneering period,the transitional period and the formation period.The study finds that in the pioneering period,the case enterprise focuses on the implementation of management changes,and then gradually lays the management foundation needed with the borderless organization;in the transition period,the case enterprise focuses on the improvement of the application level of information and internet technology,and transforms to the platform enterprise by establishing the technology platform;in the formation period,the case enterprise build an innovation ecosystem based on digital platform from establishing ecological brand and scene.The results show that:Firstly,the innovation ecosystem based on digital platform is the result of multiple factors such as organizational structure,management model,technology platform and strategy.The formation of the case enterprise innovation ecosystem is based on the above organizational,technological and strategic basis.Secondly,management change is an important way for non-born digital enterprises to establish digital organization and form the management basis of innovative ecosystem based on digital platform.The case enterprise establishes the organizational basis of borderless organization and digital transformation through management change.Thirdly,the technology platform is an important tool for enterprises to obtain and integrate digital resources and empower ecological partners,which can promote enterprises to form an innovation ecosystem.The case enterprise gathers digital resources,and provides partners with innovative resources and supporting processes through the technology platform.Fourthly,the ecological brand strategy provides guidance for enterprises and ecological partners to determine the direction of value co-creation in the digital context,which is the strategic basis for the digital transformation of non-born digital enterprises through the innovation ecosystem based on digital platform.The case enterprise builds ecological brand and ecological scene according to its ecological brand strategy,and improves its partnership with ecological partners,so as to enhance the overall value of the innovation ecosystem,and finally strengthen its digital transformation results.For non-born digital enterprises to build an innovation ecosystem in the digital context and to work with ecological partners to create value,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:Firstly,non-born digital enterprises should build around their business characteristics or join the relevant innovation ecosystem based on digital platform in order to better obtain digital resources,achieve and create value.Secondly,non-born digital enterprises should pay attention to the restriction of traditional organization management mode on their digitization process,and pay attention to the accumulation of digital organization foundation.Thirdly,non-born digital enterprises should pay attention to the role of technology platforms in their integration and coordination of internal and external resources as well as digital transformation.Fourthly,in terms of strategy formulation,non-born digital enterprises should pay attention to the guidance of ecological brand strategy to ecological members'cooperation and value co-creation based on innovation ecosystem.