考虑知识势差的跨组织项目合作知识共享演化博弈研究

Evolutionary Game on Knowledge Sharing in Cross-organizational Project Cooperation Considering Knowledge Potential Difference

在跨组织项目合作中,知识共享可以促进价值创造、提高合作绩效和组织的核心竞争力。但合作中各组织的知识位势不同,存在知识势差,进一步对知识共享过程产生重要影响。如何促成合作中的不同知识位势的组织进行知识共享成为学界重点关注的问题。考虑知识势差的视角,分析跨组织项目合作情境下不同知识位势组织的知识共享策略选择问题,提取跨组织项目合作知识共享的关键影响因素,构建考虑知识势差的知识共享演化博弈模型并求解,结合仿真分析,探讨各关键因素将如何影响系统的演化方向。结果显示,协同收益、知识保护程度、惩罚成本、知识吸收转化系数对组织知识共享有正向作用,知识共享成本系数对组织知识共享有负向作用。知识势差、知识共享程度系数、协同收益系数保持在一定范围内将有利于合作中的知识共享。

In cross-organizational project cooperation,knowledge sharing can promote the product and process innovation of enterprises,improve the performance of project cooperation and the core competitiveness of organizations,and enhance the value of cooperation.However,the knowledge potential of each organization in the cooperation is different,and there is a knowledge potential difference,which further has an important impact on the knowledge sharing process.How to promote knowledge sharing among organizations with different knowledge potential in cooperation has become a key concern.Considering the perspective of knowledge potential difference,this research uses the evolutionary game method to analyze the knowledge sharing strategy selection problem of organizations with different knowledge potential in the context of cross-organizational project cooperation.Firstly,this research uses factor analysis to extract the key influencing factors of knowledge sharing in cross-organization project cooperation,and then constructs and solves the knowledge sharing evolutionary game model considering knowledge potential difference,and analyzes the stability of evolutionary game and the interaction between parameters.Combined with simulation analysis,discuss how each key factor will affect the evolution direction of the system.In cross-organization project cooperation,knowledge potential difference,knowledge absorption coefficient,synergistic benefit,knowledge sharing degree coefficient,knowledge sharing cost coefficient,knowledge protection degree,synergistic benefit coefficient,and penalty cost are the key factors affecting the knowledge sharing process.The above key factors are further used as variables to establish a knowledge sharing evolutionary game model.The results of model analysis and data simulation show that:synergistic benefits,knowledge protection degree,penalty cost,knowledge absorption coefficient have a positive effect on organizational knowledge sharing,and knowledge sharing cost coefficient has a negative effect.Keeping the knowledge potential difference,knowledge sharing degree coefficient,and synergistic benefit coefficient within a certain range will be beneficial to knowledge sharing in cooperation.For the synergistic benefit coefficient and penalty cost as artificially adjustable factors,their influence on the evolution result will be enhanced or weakened when the parameters such as knowledge absorption coefficient,synergistic benefit,knowledge sharing degree coefficient,knowledge sharing cost coefficient,and knowledge protection degree meet certain conditions.The organizations can take relevant measures to improve the performance of knowledge sharing in project cooperation.For example,strengthen the identification of partners before cooperation to ensure that the knowledge potential difference is within a reasonable range;improve the awareness of intellectual property rights and knowledge protection,and establish a punishment mechanism to restrain speculative behavior;optimize knowledge sharing channels,ensure that the degree of knowledge sharing matches each other,improve absorption capacity,reduce the cost of sharing,and make full use of knowledge synergies;establish a reasonable revenue distribution system according to the organization's investment and risks.In the future,the study of whether different project types and project cycles will affect knowledge could be continued,and relevant empirical analysiscould be carried out.