“送猪崽”与“折现金”:金融资本减缓贫困脆弱性效应分析——基于建档立卡贫困户的跟踪数据

"Sending Piglets"and"Giving Cash":A Study on the Effect of Financial Capital on Reducing Poverty Vulnerability Based on the Tracking Data of Poor Households

脱贫攻坚的全面胜利,决定了未来中国反贫困工作的重心将集中于贫困脆弱性管理上。基于这一理解,通过构建收入端贫困脆弱性指数,利用建档立卡贫困户连续跟踪数据,在有效控制贫困人口接受金融资本的选择性偏误基础上,检验“送猪崽”与“折现金”两种差异性金融扶贫资本供给模式对贫困脆弱性的影响。研究结论表明:在不同的脆弱线标准下,“送猪崽”与“折现金”均表现出显著的贫困脆弱性抑制效应,但“送猪崽”具有更为突出的贫困脆弱性减缓效力,上述结论在稳健性检验后依然成立。“送猪崽”与“折现金”对结构脆弱性贫困与风险脆弱性贫困的影响存在异质性,而且这种异质性更多体现在收入水平上。同时,“送猪崽”与“折现金”对不同收入结构与人力资本储备水平农户家庭贫困脆弱性的影响,也存在异质性特征。

The overall victory of poverty alleviation determines that the focus of China's anti-poverty work in the future will be on pover-ty vulnerability management.Based on this understanding,by constructing the poverty vulnerability index at the income end,using the continuous tracking data of the poor households registered in the file,and based on effectively controlling the selective bias of the poor population in receiving financial capital,the impact of two different financial poverty alleviation capital supply modes,"sending pig-lets"and"giving cash",on the poverty vulnerability was tested.The results show that:under different vulnerability line criteria,"sending piglets"and"giving cash"both show significant poverty vulnerability inhibition effects,but"sending piglets"has a more prominent poverty vulnerability mitigation effect,and the above conclusions are still valid after the robustness test.The effects of"sending piglets"and"giving cash"on structural vulnerability poverty and risk vulnerability poverty are heterogeneous,and this heter-ogeneity is more reflected in income level.At the same time,the impact of"sending piglets"and"giving cash"on the poverty vulner-ability of peasant households with different income structures and human capital reserve levels also has heterogeneity.Finally,accord-ing to the empirical conclusions,the relevant policy suggestions are given.