长三角高等教育结构的多维审视

Multi-dimensional Inspection of Higher Education Structure in the Yangtze River Delta

从区域整体、层次与科类3个维度对长三角高等教育结构进行多维审视,结果显示:三省一市高等教育密度差异明显,上海遥遥领先,浙江和安徽相对滞后,苏、浙、皖3省内部高等教育分布均呈现省会城市集聚格局。近些年长三角高等教育层次明显提升,但除上海外,其他3省与发达国家同期相比层次明显偏低,浙江和安徽层次指数低于全国平均值。长三角高等教育科类结构整体上与全国较为接近,其中上海和浙江科类结构与产业结构协调程度较低。未来长三角各省市应差异化发展,上海具备了打造世界高等教育高地的基础,江苏紧随其后,浙江可着力扩大研究生教育规模,安徽短期内仍应以本、专科教育为主。高等教育科类结构调整应实现区域联动,同时以人才的充分合理流动促进高等教育与区域经济的协调发展。

The structure of the higher education in the Yangtze River Delta is inspected from three dimensions:regional whole,level and discipline.It is found that there is an obvious difference in the density of higher education among the three provinces and one city.Shanghai city is far ahead while Zhejiang and Anhui are relatively lagging behind.The higher education institutions in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Anhui all agglomerate in their provincial capitals.In recent years,the level of higher education in the Yangtze River Delta has been significantly improved.However,the level structure of all the three provinces is significantly lower than that of the developed countries in the same period,and the level index of Zhejiang and Anhui is lower than the national average.The disciplinary structure of the higher education in the Yangtze River Delta is close to that of the whole country,and the coordination degree between the disciplinary and industrial structures in Shanghai and Zhejiang is low.In the future,the Yangtze River Delta should pursue differential development.Shanghai has the foundation to build the world higher education highland,which is followed by Jiangsu.Zhejiang can focus on expanding the scale of graduate education,and Anhui should still focus on undergraduate and junior college education in the short term.The structural adjustment of higher education should realize regional linkage and promote the coordinated development of higher education and regional economy with the sufficient and reasonable flow of talents.