儿童功能性构音障碍辅音错误特点分析

Characteristics of consonant errors in children with functional articulation disorders

目的分析功能性构音障碍患者辅音错误特点,为临床治疗提供参考。方法本文为回顾性研究,选取388例功能性构音障碍患者,从发音部位、发音方式、错误类型3个方面分析,总结辅音错误特点。结果按发音部位辅音错误率由高到低依次是舌尖后音、舌尖中音、舌尖前音、舌根音、舌面音、唇齿音、双唇音。按发音方式辅音错误率由高到低依次是送气性塞擦音、擦音、不送气塞擦音、边音、送气塞音、不送气塞音、鼻音。按发音错误类型发生率由高到低依次是置换、省略、腭化、不送气化、侧化、歪曲、声门停顿。结论功能性构音障碍错误率最高的是舌尖后音,最低的是双唇音;送气性塞擦音是发音方式中错误率最高的,最低的是鼻音,其错误类型以置换和省略为主。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of consonant errors in patients with functional articulation disorders.Methods A total of 388 patients with functional articulation disorders were selected and the characteristics of consonant errors was analyzed from three aspects,articulation position,articulation manner and error type.Results The sequence in descending order of error occurrence by the place of articulation was blade-palatal,blade-alveolar,dental,velar,palatal,labiodental,bilabial.The sequence in descending order of error occurrence by the manner of articulation was aspirated affricative,fricative,unaspirated affricative,lateral,aspirated plosive,unaspirated plosive,nasal.The sequence in descending order of error occurrence by the error type of articulation was substitute,omit,palatalization,unaspirated,lateralization,distort,glottic pause.Conclusions The error rate of functional articulation disorder is highest in blade-palatal and lowest in bilabial.Aspirated affricatives have the highest error rate and nasals have the lowest.The main error types are substitution and omission.