漆酚与Fe_(3)O_(4)协同超疏水改性三聚氰胺海绵用于高效油水分离

Urushiol and Fe_(3)O_(4)modified melamine sponges for effective oil/water separation

含油污水对生态环境造成了极大破坏,油水分离已成为亟待解决的环保难题。为了解决油水分离问题,通过简单浸涂法将纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)和漆酚协同修饰于两亲性三聚氰胺海绵(MS)表面,改性所得漆酚-Fe_(3)O_(4)-漆酚三聚氰胺海绵(UFeU-MS)材料实现了海绵基底从超亲水-超亲油到超疏水-超亲油的转换。由于漆酚含有邻苯二酚基团与15~17碳长烷基链,一方面使用一定浓度漆酚将Fe_(3)O_(4)与海绵进行黏附;另一方面借助长烷基链降低海绵表面能。通过对UFeU-MS进行表征分析验证,其表面水接触角高达160.9°±1.8°,满足超疏水-超亲油的要求;吸收有机溶剂和油类物质的质量大于其自身的21倍,10次吸附-解吸循环分离效率可以保持在97.77%;经不同pH溶液浸泡水接触角可以保持在147°以上,也适应于酸碱环境的油水分离。饱和吸附后的海绵既可经过简单的物理挤压回收溶剂,也可通过外加磁场远程回收。

Oily sewage causes great damage to environment and oil-water separation for effective oil elimination is urgently needed.In order to provide an efficient way to solve such issues,amphiphilic melamine sponge was modified with nano-Fe_(3)O_(4)and urushiol via a simple dip coating strategy,and the modified urushiol-Fe_(3)O_(4)-urushiol melamine sponge(UFeU-MS)substrate changed from superhydrophilic-superlipophilic to superhydrophobic-superlipophilic.As urushiol has catechol groups and 15-17 carbon long alkyl chains,it was utilized to bind Fe_(3)O_(4)onto sponge.Meanwhile,the long alkyl chains were used to reduce surface energy.The results show that high surface water contact angle of 160.9°±1.8°can be obtained,which meets the requirements of superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity.Furthermore,the absorbed organic mass were 21 times higher than that of the original sponge.The separation efficiency can be maintained at 97.77%after 10 sorption-desorption cycles.The water contact angles retained above 147°when soaked in different pH solutions,which was suitable for oil-water separation in acid and alkali environments.The sponge can be recycled by simple physical extrusion or external magnetic fields after saturated adsorption.