新基建对区域“创新-生态-经济”耦合协调发展的影响——基于空间溢出效应和传导机制的检验

Impact of new infrastructure construction on regional innovation‑ecology‑economy coupling coordination:tests based on spatial spillover effects and transmission mechanisms

科技创新、生态环境与经济发展三系统耦合协调是新发展阶段中国实现高质量发展的重要途径,以数字技术为核心的新型基础设施建设(简称“新基建”)为中国高质量协调发展提供了新动能。该研究以新发展理念为指导,基于系统论与协同论构建“创新-生态-经济”耦合协调体系,采用2011—2020年的省际面板数据,借助空间杜宾模型并结合中介效应检验方法,实证检验了新基建对区域“创新-生态-经济”耦合协调发展的影响及其传导机制。研究表明:①在地理距离矩阵和经济距离矩阵下,新基建投资均有助于提高区域“创新-生态-经济”耦合协调水平,并产生较强的正向空间溢出。②不同类型的新基建投资赋能区域“创新-生态-经济”耦合协调发展具有显著的异质性,其中创新基建和融合基建驱动作用显著,而信息基建的赋能效果不明显。③新基建投资还可以通过创新要素集聚、能源效率提升和数字金融助推三种传导机制对区域“创新-生态-经济”耦合协调发展产生正向影响。据此提出,中国各省份可通过加大新基建投资力度、促进形成新基建赋能联动机制以及打通新基建传导路径等途径增强新基建对本地区“创新-生态-经济”耦合协调发展的赋能效应,从而进一步实现区域高质量发展与可持续发展。

The coupling coordination of scientific and technological innovation,ecological environment,and economic development is an effective way for China to achieve high-quality development in the new development stage.The new infrastructure construction(hereinafter referred to as‘new infrastructure’)with digital technology as the core provides new momentum for China’s high-quality coordinated development.Guided by the new development concept and based on system theory and synergy theory,this study constructed a coupled coordination system of‘innovation-ecology-economy,’employed inter-provincial panel data from 2011 to 2020,and combined the spatial Durbin model with the mediating effect test method to empirically test the impact of new infrastructure on regional‘innovation-ecology-economy’coupling coordination.The findings indicated that:①New infrastructure investments improved the level of regional‘innovation-ecology-economy’coupling coordination,generating strong positive spatial spillover and supporting both geographic distance matrix and economic distance matrix.②Different types of new infrastructure investments contributed to the regional‘innovation-ecology-economy’coupling coordination,showing significant heterogeneity,where innovation infrastructure and convergence infrastructure had significant driving effects,while information infrastructure had a less obvious enabling effect.③New infrastructure investments fostered regional‘innovation-ecology-economy’coupling coordination through three transmission mechanisms:innovation factor concentration,energy efficiency improvement,and digital financial boost.Accordingly,Chinese provinces should enhance the enabling effect of new infrastructure on the regional‘innovation-ecology-economy’coupling coordination by increasing new infrastructure investment,promote the formation of a linkage mechanism for new infrastructure empowerment,and open up the transmission path of new infrastructure so as to achieve high-quality and sustainable regional development in the new era of China.