海浪对海气界面风应力影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effect of Ocean Surface Waves on Wind Stress at the Air-Sea Interface

海气动量通量(即风应力)作为海气界面的关键物理过程之一,其计算的准确性很大程度上影响着海洋、大气及海气耦合模式的发展与改进。虽然对海气界面风应力的机理研究已逾半个世纪,但由于海气通量是湍流过程,其本身的复杂性以及高质量观测资料的匮乏,风应力的参数化方案仍存在很大不确定性。海浪在这一不确定性中起到了关键作用,其对风应力的影响受到越来越多的关注。因此,本文从风应力矢量角度出发,回顾了海浪对风应力大小和方向影响的研究现状,重点梳理了海气界面风应力领域的最新研究成果和研究进展。最后,给出了未来这一研究方向亟待解决的关键科学问题。

As one of the key physical processes at the air-sea interface,air-sea momentum flux i.e.wind stress,the accuracy of its calculations greatly affects the development and improvement of ocean,atmosphere,and air-sea coupled models.Although the mechanism of wind stress over the ocean has been studied for more than half a century,there is still great uncertainty in the parameterization scheme of wind stress due to the complexity of air-sea flux as a turbulent process and the lack of high-quality observation data.Surface waves play a key role in this uncertainty,and their effects on wind stress have received increasing attention.Therefore,this study reviews the current research status of the influence of surface waves on the magnitude and direction of wind stress from the perspective of stress vector,with a focus on sorting out the latest research results and progress in the field of wind stress over the ocean.Finally,the key scientific issues that urgently need to be addressed in the future are given.