江苏海域台风浪波高时空分布特性研究

Study on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of typhoon wave height in Jiangsu coastal sea

基于浅水方程和第三代波浪模型构建江苏沿海的风暴潮-波浪耦合模型,基于模型风场和再分析风场构建混合风场模型,根据台风路径将江苏沿海典型台风分为4种类型并进行数值模拟。通过对影响江苏海域不同特征典型台风浪过程的复演,重点研究了不同类型台风引起的台风浪波高的时空分布特征。研究结果表明:从空间上看,“北部掠过型”台风、“沿江苏近岸北移型”台风分别会对江苏北部沿海和南部近海海域产生较大影响,“东侧掠过型”台风对江苏近海海域影响最广;从持续时间上看,“北部掠过型”台风和“东侧掠过型”台风在江苏近海区域引起的大浪持续时间较长,“北部掠过型”台风和“沿江苏近岸北移型”台风分别在江苏沿岸和辐射沙脊区域造成持续的较大波高。

Based on the shallow water equation and the third-generation wave model,a coupled storm surge-wave model is constructed for the Jiangsu coastal sea.A hybrid wind field model is constructed with parametric model and reanalysis wind fields.Typical typhoons in the Jiangsu coastal sea are classified into four types according to typhoon paths.By simulating the typical typhoon wave processes with different characteristics affecting Jiangsu coastal sea,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of typhoon wave heights caused by different types of typical typhoons in Jiangsu coastal sea are studied.The results show that,the"northern passing type"and"northward moving type along the coast of Jiangsu"typhoons have a greater impact on the northern and southern Jiangsu coastal areas,respectively,and the"eastern passing type"typhoons have the widest impact on the Jiangsu offshore areas.The"northern passing type"and"eastern passing type"typhoons cause longer duration of large waves in the Jiangsu offshore areas,in addition,the"northern passing type"and"north moving type along the coast of Jiangsu"typhoons cause continuous large wave heights in the coastal and radiative sand ridge areas of Jiangsu,respectively.