褪黑素在不同疾病细胞焦亡作用中的研究进展

Research Progress of Effects of Melatonin on Pyroptosis in Different Diseases

褪黑素(melatonin,MT)是机体释放的一种神经激素,具有抗感染、抗炎和抗氧化作用,调节机体的正常睡眠周期等生理功能。它可以作为一种有效的自由基清除剂或免疫增强剂,作用于全身各个系统与组织,对机体正常生理功能的维持有重要作用。细胞焦亡是细胞的一种程序性死亡模式,炎症小体与GSDMD(gasdermin D)家族是其重要的组成成分。当机体受到外界损伤后,炎症小体和GSDMD蛋白先后发生活化,导致细胞膜产生膜孔,大量胞液以及胞内物质释放,引发一系列炎症级联反应,造成细胞的继发性损伤。细胞焦亡与机体多种疾病的发生有密切的关系。作为一种抗炎和抗氧化的神经激素,褪黑素通过抑制细胞焦亡的发生,在心肌损伤、糖尿病、中枢神经系统疾病、肥胖、退行性变性疾病的发生发展与治疗中发挥重要作用。本文就褪黑素在机体不同疾病细胞焦亡中的影响和作用机制进行概述。

Melatonin(MT)is a neurohormone released by the body.It has anti-infection,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects,and regulates the body’s normal sleep cycle.As an effective free radical scavenger and immune enhancer,it plays an important role in maintaining the normal physiological functions by acting on all systems and tissues of the body.Pyroptosis is a type of programmed cell death,in which the inflammasomes and GSDMD(gasdermin D)family are the most important components.When the inflammasomes and the GSDMD protein are activated,membrane pores in the cell surface are generated,and a large amount of cellular fluid and intracellular substances are released,leading to a series of inflammatory cascade reactions,followed by secondary cell damage.Pyroptosis is closely related to the occurrence of many diseases.Melatonin,as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory neurohormone,can cope with occurrence and development of myocardial damage,diabetes,central nervous system disease,obesity and degenerative disease by inhibiting pyroptosis.Herein,the effects of melatonin on pyroptosis in different diseases are reviewed.