羊肚菌连作障碍成因及防控技术研究进展

Research Progress on the Causes and Technologies of Control of Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Morchella

为了有效防控羊肚菌连作障碍,主要从连作障碍的危害表现、成因、防控等方面对连作问题进行总结。首先概述了栽培过程中发生连作障碍会出现产量下降、外观品质变差、病虫害加剧、土地利用率降低等问题;其次分析了引起羊肚菌发生连作障碍的成因,主要为土壤微生物菌群失衡、致病菌增多,自毒化感物质胁迫与营养物质富集;再次综述了羊肚菌现有的连作障碍防控措施,主要为栽培方式及管理的优化、栽培土壤的消毒处理、有机肥的合理施用;最后,对羊肚菌连作障碍防控措施的研究方向进行了展望。

In order to effectively prevent and control the continuous cropping obstacles of Morchella,the main continuous cropping problems were summarized from the aspects of harmful manifestations,causes and prevention and control.Firstly,it was summarized that continuous cropping obstacles during the cultivation process could lead to decrease of yield,deterioration of appearance quality,intensifi cation of pests and diseases,and decrease of land use effi ciency.Secondly,the main causes of continuous cropping obstacles caused by Morchella were analyzed,including imbalanced soil microbial communities,increased pathogenic bacteria,self toxic allelochemical stress and nutrient enrichment.Thirdly,the existing measures for continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control of Morchella were reviewed,mainly including optimization of cultivation methods and management,disinfection treatment of cultivation soil,and reasonable application of organic fertilizer.Finally,the research directions of prevention and control measures for continuous cropping obstacles of Morchella were prospected.