4种石斛属花朵挥发性成分GC-MS分析

GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Components of Four Dendrobium Flowers

为了探索石斛属花朵挥发性成分的释放特征,筛选有价值的石斛兰种质资源,为石斛属香花型品种选育提供一定的理论依据,试验以石斛属的报春石斛、美花石斛、麝香石斛和红龙石斛为材料,通过固相微萃取(SPME)结合GC-MS技术对4种香花型石斛盛花期花朵的挥发性成分及其相对含量进行测定。结果表明,在4种石斛盛花期花朵中共鉴别出72种挥发性成分,且其挥发性成分的组成和含量存在显著差异;其中,报春石斛的主要挥发性成分为正丙基环戊烷(7.65μg/g),其次为乙酸苄酯(1.68μg/g);美花石斛的挥发性成分中环辛烷的含量最高(124.52μg/g),其次为(+)-3-蒈烯(2.39μg/g);麝香石斛的主要挥发性成分为2-十五烷酮(51.47μg/g),其次为2-十三烷酮(1.69μg/g);红龙石斛的主要挥发性成分为2-十五烷酮(11.77μg/g),次要挥发性成分为2-十三烷酮(1.79μg/g)。

In order to explore the release characteristics of volatile components of flowers of Dendrobium,screen valu-able germplasm resources of the Dendrobium orchids,and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding for fragrant flower vari-eties of Dendrobium,in this study,using Dendrobium primulinum,Dendrobium loddigesii,Dendrobium parishii,and Den-drobium Red Dragon as materials,the volatile components and their relative contents in the flowers of four types of fragrant Dendrobium were determined by solid-phase microextraction(SPME)combined with GC-MS.The results showed that 72 volatile components were identified in the flowers of 4 species of Dendrobium in full flowering stage,the composition and content of the volatile components were significantly different.The main volatile components of D.primulinum was Propylcy-clopentane(7.65μg/g)followed by Benzyl acetate(1.68μg/g).The content of Cyclooctane in the volatile components of D.primulinum was the highest(124.52μg/g),followed by(+)-3-Carene(2.39μg/g).The main and secondary volatile compo-nents of D.parishii and D.Red Dragon were the same,they were 2-Pentadecanone(51.47μg/g,11.77μg/g)and 2-Trideca-none(1.69μg/g,1.79μg/g).