生活方式干预联合有氧运动对老年2型糖尿病患者的影响

Effect of lifestyle intervention combined with aerobic exercise on elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探讨生活方式干预联合有氧运动对老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的影响。方法选取广东省第二中医院2020年2月至2022年2月收治的128例老年T2DM患者,依照随机数表法分为对照组(n=64)和观察组(n=64)。两组均采用常规降糖药物治疗,对照组患者采用生活方式干预,包括合理饮食、适量运动以及健康宣教。观察组患者在对照组基础上增加有氧运动干预。比较两组患者干预前后的血糖指标、血压指标、血脂指标、体重指数(BMI)以及生活质量。结果干预12个月后,观察组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及BMI指数小于对照组,观察组患者高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组生存质量评分均小于干预前,且观察组小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在常规降糖的基础上,生活方式干预联合有氧运动有助于老年T2DM患者降低血糖和血压、调节血脂、控制体重以及改善生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of lifestyle intervention combined with aerobic exercise on elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 128 elderly patients with T2DM admitted to Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 were randomly divided into a control group(n=64)and an observation group(n=64)using a random number table method.Both groups were treated with conventional hypoglycemic drugs,while the patients in the control group received lifestyle interventions,including a reasonable diet,moderate exercise,and health education.Patients in the observation group received additional aerobic exercise intervention based on intervention in the control group.The blood glucose index,blood pressure index,blood lipid index,and body mass index(BMI)of the two groups before and after the intervention were compared,and the quality of life of the two groups of patients was assessed.Results After 12 months of intervention,the fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,HbA1c,systolic blood pressure(SBP),and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The triacylglycerol(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),and BMI indices of the observation group patients were lower than those of the control group,while the high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)of the observation group patients was higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The quality of life Scale scores of both groups were lower than before intervention,and the score of the observation group was lower than the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Based on routine hypoglycemic therapy,lifestyle intervention combined with aerobic exercise can help elderly patients with T2DM reduce blood glucose and blood pressure,regulate blood lipids,control weight,and improve their quality of life.