河南省伤病人群焦虑或抑郁情况及影响因素分析

Anxiety or depression characteristics and influential factors of injured in Henan province

目的 分析河南省伤病人群焦虑或抑郁情况及影响因素,为预防焦虑情绪导致的病情恶化提供依据。方法 研究基于2018年河南省卫生服务调查数据,从中筛选两周内去过医院就医的伤病人群为样本,提取性别、年龄、文化程度、城乡性质、民族、是否参加大病统筹、婚姻状况、就业状况、患病程度、吸烟情况、喝酒情况、每周锻炼次数、1年内是否体检、是否患有慢性病、是否住院、BMI、是否签约家庭医生、能否自我照顾、能否正常活动等作为影响因素,借助软件SPSS 24.0进行数据分析,采用秩和检验和二元logistic回归分析方法得出影响焦虑或抑郁的主要因素。结果 在10 356例伤病人群中,男性4 739人(45.8%),女性5 617人(54.2%),平均年龄(59.35±14.85)岁,患病程度严重3 570人(34.5%),一般4 897人(47.3%),不严重1 889人(18.2%),焦虑伤病人群占比19.2%。30~60岁伤病人群焦虑的可能性是(95%CI:1.316~1.701)是60岁以上伤病人群的1.496倍,没上过学(95%CI:1.253~1.893)和小学学历(95%CI:1.219~1.763)分别是高中及以上学历的1.54倍和1.466倍,患有慢性病(95%CI:1.305~1.632)、不能自我照顾(95%CI:1.248~1.751)和不能正常活动(95%CI:2.647~3.616)伤病人群焦虑可能性是正常人群的1.459倍、1.478倍和3.094倍,结论具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 伤病人群焦虑或抑郁情况受多方面因素影响,应及时对伤病人群进行心理疏导,减缓焦虑情绪,避免病情恶化。

Objective To analyze the anxiety or depression characteristics and influential factors of injured in Henan Province,and to provide a basis for preventing the deterioration caused by anxiety.Methods The study was based on the Health Service Survey of Henan province in 2018.The patients who visited the hospital within two weeks were screened as samples.Gender,age,education level,urban or rural,ethnic group,critical illness insurance,marital sta-tus,employment status,illness degree,smoking status,drinking status,weekly exercise frequency,whether to have physical examination within one year,chronic diseases,whether to be hospitalized,BMI,whether to sign a contract with a family doctor,whether to take care of themselves and to have normal activities,were selected as influencing factors.SPSS 24.O was used for data analysis.The rank sum test and the binary logistic regression analysis were used to explore influential factors of anxiety.Results In the 10356 cases,4739 were male(45.8%),5617 were female(54.2%).The average age was(59.35±14.85).3570 were seriously ill(34.5%),4897 were normal(47.3%),and 1889 were not serious(18.2%).Anxiety accounted for 19.2%of the 10356 cases.Patients aged 30-60(95%CI:1.316-1.701)were 1.496 times more likely to be anxious than those aged 60 and older.Having no schooling(95%Cl:1.253-1.893)and primary school education(95%Cl:1.219-1.763)were 1.54 times and 1.466 times more likely to have high school education or above.Have chronic diseases(95%CI:1.305-1.632),cannot take care of themselves(95%Cl:1.248-1.751)and patients with no normal activity(95%CI:2.647-3.616)were 1.459 times,1.478 times and 3.094 times more likely to be anxious than normal population,and the conclusion was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The anxiety characteristics and influential factors of injured are affected by many factors,psychological counseling should be provided to patients to reduce anxiety and prevent deterioration of the condition.