微型无人机发展现状及未来趋势

Development status and future trend of micro UAV

针对微型无人机的发展现状和未来趋势进行了综合评述。首先,在梳理国内外微型无人机发展现状的基础上,详细介绍了国内外微型无人机典型研究项目及研究成果。然后,从机载设备微型化、低雷诺数气动设计和复杂环境自主导航与避障技术三个方面总结了关键技术研究现状。最后,对微型无人机的未来趋势进行了展望。研究结果表明,微型无人机在机载设备微型化方面已有一定进展,但机载设备综合化和通用化程度还有待提高;在低雷诺数气动设计方面还需进一步探究微型仿生无人飞行器高升力、长续航、低噪声和跨介质飞行机制;在复杂环境自主导航与避障方面需提高算法的环境通用性和适用性。

A comprehensive review of the development status and future trend of micro UAV was carried out.Firstly,combing the development status of domestic and foreign micro UAV,the typical research projects and research results of micro UAV at home and abroad were introduced in detail.Then,the research status of key technologies was summarized from three aspects:airborne equip-ment miniaturization,low Reynolds number aerodynamic design,autonomous navigation and obsta-cle avoidance in complex environments.Finally,the future trend of micro UAV was prospected.The research results show that there has been some progress in miniaturization of airborne equipment for micro UAV,but it still needs to improve the integration and generalization of airborne equipment.In terms of the low Reynolds number aerodynamic design,it is necessary to further explore the high lift,long endurance,low noise and cross-media flight mechanism of micro bionic UAV.In the as-pects of autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance in complex environments,it is very important to improve the environmental versatility and applicability of the algorithm.