卢卡奇论青年黑格尔的思想危机及其辩证法开端

Lukács on the Ideological Crisis and Dialectics of Young Hegel

黑格尔的法兰克福时期是其思想处于迷茫和朦胧的阶段,在这一阶段,黑格尔带着比较忧郁和矛盾的心情进行理论探索。卢卡奇将黑格尔这段经历称为“法兰克福危机”。这种思想危机主要表现为:如何解决自由而全面的人与追逐私利的市民社会之间的矛盾。黑格尔暂时性提出的解决方案是借助个体的生命体验,即爱和命运,来与现代社会达成和解。在批判康德道德义务的实定性,在面对各种彼此对立的矛盾的过程中,黑格尔发展出辩证法的基本雏形。黑格尔寻求摆脱法兰克福思想危机的途径终究是以宗教为归宿的。

Hegel's Frankfurt period was a phase in which his thoughts were in a state of confusion and obscurity.During this period,Hegel engaged in theoretical exploration with a relatively melancholic and contradictory mood.Lukacs referred to Hegel's experience as the“Frankfurt crisis”.This ideological crisis mainly revolved around the question of how to solve the contradiction between free and comprehensive people and civil society that pursues self-interest.Hegel's temporary solution was to reconcile with modern society through individual life experiences,namely love and fate.In criticizing the positivity of Kant's moral obligations and confronting various opposing contradictions,Hegel developed the basic prototype of dialectics.Hegel's search for a way out of the Frankfurt ideological crisis ultimately revolved around religion.