乡村经济数字化能够缓解农户家庭消费不平等吗?——基于CFPS数据的实证研究

Can Rural Economy Digitization Alleviate Peasant Household Consumption Inequality:Empirical Study Based on CFPS Data

基于2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据库和县域级乡村数字经济指数等数据,实证分析了乡村经济数字化发展对我国农村消费不平等的影响。研究发现:第一,乡村经济数字化可以有效改善农村消费不平等现象,更好实现数字成果由农民共享,促进共同富裕,经过内生性处理及稳健性检验这一结论依然成立。针对不同消费类型,乡村经济数字化主要缓解生存型消费和享受型消费不平等现象。第二,数字经济通过推动乡村生产与金融数字化、缩小收入差距、强化数字信贷支持来缓解农户家庭消费相对剥夺程度。第三,分位数回归结果发现农村中等消费群体是乡村经济数字化降低消费相对剥夺的主要受益群体。第四,异质性检验结果表明乡村经济数字化对消费不平等的缓解作用对数字经济水平较高的东中部地区以及高教育水平、低物质资本、户主在39岁以下的家庭更加显著。研究结论为缩小乡村消费不平等、促进共同富裕提供了参考。

Based on China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)database and the county-level rural digital economy index in 2018,this study empirically analyzes the impact of rural economy digitization development on rural consumption inequality in China.It is found that firstly,rural economy digitization can effectively improve rural consumption inequality,better realize peasants’sharing of digital achievements and promote common prosperity,and this conclusion is still valid after endogenous treatment and robustness test.For different types of consumption,rural economy digitization mainly alleviates the inequality between survival consumption and enjoyment consumption.Secondly,digital economy alleviates the relative deprivation of peasant household consumption mainly by promoting the digitization of rural production and finance,narrowing income gap and strengthening digital credit support.Thirdly,the Quantile regression results show that the rural middle class consumer group is the main beneficiary group of rural economy digitization reducing the relative deprivation of consumption.And fourthly,the heterogeneity test results show that the alleviating effect of rural economy digitization on consumption inequality is more significant for the eastern and central regions with high digital economy levels,as well as the families with high education level,low physical capital and household heads under the age of 39.