数字经济影响产业集聚模式的分析——基于专业化和多样化视角

Impact of Digital Economy on Industrial Agglomeration Mode:Based on Specialization and Diversity Perspective

数字经济的快速发展影响并改变着城市的资源禀赋,从而使产业集聚的模式也随之发生变化。通过匹配2011—2018年277个地级市的面板数据,基于不同的产业集聚模式,探讨了数字经济对专业化集聚和多样化集聚的影响及其内在机制。结果显示:第一,数字经济发展水平的提升能够同时促进专业化集聚和多样化集聚,以工具变量解决内生性问题后的回归结果也支持了这一结论。第二,机制检验的回归结果显示,数字经济通过人力资本效应和知识溢出效应促进了专业化集聚和多样化集聚。第三,基于区域异质性视角,数字经济促进了东部和西部地区的专业化集聚,对中部和东北部地区则无显著影响,数字经济对各个区域的多样化集聚都有显著的促进作用;基于城市类型异质性视角,数字经济促进了资源型城市的多样化集聚,对非资源型城市的专业化集聚和多样化集聚都具有显著的促进作用;基于时期异质性视角,数字经济对专业化集聚和多样化集聚存在先促进后抑制的倒U形曲线关系。根据研究结论,文章认为应因地制宜发展数字经济,通过数字化转型带动上下游产业的集聚发展,进而促进经济发展水平的提升。

Digital economy is affecting and changing city resource endowment,resulting in the changes of industrial agglomeration mode.By matching the panel data of 277 prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2018 and based on different industrial agglomeration modes,this study explores the impact of digital economy on specialized agglomeration and diversified agglomeration and its internal mechanism.The results show that firstly,the promotion of digital economy development level can promote both specialized agglomeration and diversified agglomeration,and the regression results after solving the endogenous problems with instrumental variables also support this conclusion.Secondly,the regression results of mechanism testing show that digital economy promotes specialized agglomeration and diversified agglomeration through human capital effect and knowledge spillover effect.And thirdly,based on the perspective of regional heterogeneity,digital economy has promoted the specialized agglomeration in the eastern and western regions without significant impact on the central and northeastern regions while digital economy has a significant promoting effect on diversified agglomeration in various regions;and based on the perspective of urban type heterogeneity,digital economy has promoted the diversified agglomeration of resource-based cities,and has a significant promoting effect on the specialized agglomeration and diversified agglomeration of non-resource-based cities,while based on the perspective of temporal heterogeneity,digital economy has an inverted U curve relationship of first promoting and then suppressing towards specialized agglomeration and diversified agglomeration.Based on the above research findings,it is proposed to develop digital economy according to local conditions,and drive the agglomeration development of upstream and downstream industries through digital transformation so as to promote the improvement of economic development level.