空间指向测量仪器的多物理场效应研究综述

Review of the research on the multi-physics field effects of space pointing determination instruments

空间指向测量技术是航天器研制中的基础性和关键性技术之一。多参量、时变性、强耦合的空间多物理场是制约指向测量精度向毫角秒级提升的瓶颈。本文首先对空间多物理场的复杂效应进行了概述;然后从空间多物理场误差的分析抑制、地面标定和在轨标定3个方面总结了国内外空间多物理场误差标定装置和关键技术的研究现状。本文提出,通过精准模拟与感知多物理场,量化重构空间复杂环境,搭建毫角秒级误差标定系统,揭示多物理场耦合效应及误差演化机理,建立完备的多物理场效应分析和误差补偿模型,是突破高精度空间指向测量技术的重要途径。最后,本文剖析了装置研制和空间多物理场效应研究中的关键难题,并对相关技术的发展给出了若干建议和展望。

The space pointing determination technology is a basic and key technique in aerospace development.Orbital multi-physics field has distributed-parameterized,strong time-variant,and inter-coupling features,which has become the major obstacle for significant advances in measurement accuracy level.In this article,we firstly introduce the complex effects of space multi-physics fields.Then,the research status of multi-physics field error is summarized from three aspects of analysis and suppression methods,on-ground and on-orbit calibration consist of the facilities and key technologies.By accurately simulating and measuring the multi-physics field as orbital environment,and creating an innovative milliarcsecond space pointing calibration system,the infinitesimal error sources caused by space multi-physics field can be unambiguously identified,the inner coupling mechanism of space multi-physics field can be revealed and the theoretical blank in space complex environment effects on pointing determination can be compensated.In this way,the space pointing measurement accuracy is pushed to milliarcsecond level.Finally,some suggestions and prospects are given based on the key problems in the research and engineering implementation of space multi-physics field effects.