复合益生菌对肉鸭生长性能、肠道微生物及养分消化利用的影响

Effect of compound probiotics on growth performance,intestinal microbes and nutrient digestion and utilization of meat ducks

试验旨在研究复合益生菌对肉鸭生长性能、血清免疫指标、肠道微生物数量及营养物质表观消化率的影响。将480只体况接近的1日龄樱桃谷肉鸭随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只。Ⅰ组(对照组)肉鸭饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%的复合益生菌。试验期42 d。结果显示,在肉鸭日粮中添加复合益生菌可显著提高肉鸭末重(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肉鸭1~42 d平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),22~42、1~42 d料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肉鸭血清中免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肉鸭空肠和盲肠中乳酸菌和双歧杆菌数量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肉鸭盲肠和空肠大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,添加复合益生菌组肉鸭的干物质、粗脂肪、粗灰分的表观消化率均显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,日粮中添加复合益生菌能够促进肉鸭生长,提高肉鸭免疫力,增加肠道有益微生物数量,减少有害菌数量,维护肠道健康,促进机体对营养物质的消化,提高养分的利用效率,肉鸭日粮中添加1.0%复合益生菌效果较好。

The experiment was to study the effect of compound probiotics on growth performance,serum immune index,intestinal microbial number and apparent digestibility of nutrients in meat ducks.A total of 480 one-day-old Cherry Valley meat ducks with similar body conditions were randomly divided into four groups,with six replicates in each group and 20 ducks in each replicate.Meat ducks in groupⅠ(control group)were fed with basic diet,and groupⅡ,groupⅢand groupⅣwere supplemented with 0.5%,1.0%and 1.5%compound probiotics,respectively.The trial period was 42 d.The results showed that adding compound probiotics to meat ducks'diet could significantly increase the final weight of meat ducks(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the average daily gain of ducks at 1~42 d of age in groupⅢand groupⅣwas significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio at 22~42,1~42 d in groupⅢand groupⅣwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).The content of IgM and IFN-γin serum of meat ducks in groupⅢand groupⅣwere significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The number of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria in jejunum and cecum of meat ducks in groupⅢand groupⅣwere significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The number of Escherichia coli in cecum and jejunum of ducks in groupⅢand groupⅣwas significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude fat and crude ash in compound probiotics groups increased significantly(P<0.05).The study indicates that adding compound probiotics to the diet can promote the growth performance of meat ducks,improve the immunity,increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in the intestine,reduce the number of harmful bacteria,maintain the health of the intestine,promote the digestion of nutrients and improve the utilization efficiency of nutrients.Adding 1.0%compound probiotics in meat duck diet has better effect.