酵母在刺参养殖中的应用研究进展

Research progress on application of yeast in culture of Stichopus japonicus

刺参养殖过程中存在配合饲料研究尚不深入、常见病害频发等问题,制约了刺参产业的可持续发展。活性干酵母因富含氨基酸、矿物质、维生素及未知的活性生长因子,对刺参及其幼体的生长和免疫能力具有一定的促进作用,常用作刺参的饲料添加剂。但不同的酵母种类与用量、基础饲料成分、刺参生长阶段、养殖水环境条件均有可能导致酵母应用效果的差异。文章分析了近年来活性酵母在刺参养殖中的应用研究成果,总结了活性酵母在刺参及其幼体生长、消化、免疫、抗氧化、肠道菌群、质构特性、营养价值等方面产生的影响,并简述了酵母对刺参养殖水环境的净化作用,为活性酵母在刺参养殖生产中的合理应用提供参考。

The research of formulated feed Stichopus japonicus aquaculture are not thorough and common diseases occur frequently,which restricts the sustainable development of Stichopus japonicus aquaculture.Active dry yeast is frequently used as a feed additive for sea cucumber because of its abundant amino acids,minerals,vitamins and unknown active growth factors,which can promote the growth and immunity of Stichopus japonicus and its larvae to some extent.However,different kinds and amounts of yeast,basic feed ingredients,growth stages of sea cucumber,and environmental conditions of aquaculture water may lead to different effect in production applications.The paper summarizes the effect of live yeast on Stichopus japonicus and its larvae in the aspects of growth,digestion,immunity,antioxidation,intestinal flora,texture characteristics and nutritional value,briefly describes the purification effect of yeast on the aquatic environment of Stichopus japonicus culture,in order to provide a reference for the scientific and rational application of active yeast in the sea cucumber breeding industry.