“此在”与“遍在”:跨文化传播间性审思的两个向度

"Dasein"and"Omnipresence":Two Dimensions of Inter-Cultural Communication Thinking

跨文化传播一直以来受话语权力和个体能动制约影响,本文以“此在”与“遍在”两个向度编织起社会结构网络的抽象分析框架,并以间性对话方式发掘交往盲点。其中,“此在”代表了社会关系网络建构中主体性确立的生成环境,揭示了文化融合和民族互嵌过程中主体性存在的价值反思,是文化异质性与特殊性的集合体现;“遍在”代表了社会环境系统内主体普遍认同与存在的价值表征,揭示了突破“此在”局限性的社会化重构,是文化通约性与普遍性的集合体现。跨文化传播间性审思可从“此在”存在的特殊语境中发现交往阻隔:一是社会发展所带来的文化堕距使自身价值取向发生偏转游移,由此呈现出“变”的问题;二是他者文化在本体评价取向影响下发生价值锚定错位,由此衍生出“不变”的问题。对此,可从“遍在”属性的共通意义空间中寻求对话出路,首先要换位思考,在跨文化传播时,要深入他者所处的具体社会背景,反思他者接受的复杂性和不确定性;其次是本位思考,把握自身核心价值,兼顾文化交往的普遍相似性议题。跨文化传播的间性视域有助于促进世界文化多元发展,为文化传播模式转型提供经验支持。

Inter-cultural communication has always been affected by the power of discourse and individual initiative,this paper weaves the abstract analysis framework of social structure network into the two dimensions of"Dasein"and"Omnipresence",and explores the blind spot of communication in the way of intersubjective dialogue.Among them,"Dasein"represents the generating environment for the establishment of subjectivity in the construction of social relations network,reveals the value reflection of subjectivity in the process of cultural integration and ethnic intermingling,and is the collective embodiment of cultural heterogeneity and particularity.Omnipresence represents the value representation of the universal recognition and existence of the subject in the social environment system,reveals the socialization reconstruction that breaks through the limitations of"Dasein",and is the collective embodiment of cultural generality and universality.The interlocutional thinking of cross-cultural communication can be found from the special context of"Dasein".First,the cultural lag brought by social development makes its own value orientation deflection,which presents the problem of variability;Second,the other culture is affected by the ontological evaluation orientation.