强制医疗人员暴力犯罪原因分析及预防策略

Cause analysis and prevention strategies for violent crimes committed by patients receiving compulsory medical treatment

目的研究强制医疗人员暴力犯罪风险及影响因素,究其犯罪原因,提出针对性的管理与预防策略。方法2022年12月至2023年3月通过中国裁判文书网查询、收集被各级人民法院判决强制医疗人员基本信息,对贵州省各级人民法院2017-2021年判决强制医疗的206例精神障碍患者进行分析,调查其暴力犯罪现状并分析暴力犯罪发生的影响因素,总结其暴力犯罪特点。结果男性、中青年、低文化程度、农村户籍、无业、精神分裂症是患者发生暴力犯罪危险因素(P<0.05)。结论应增强对具备中青年、男性、无业、农村户籍、低文化程度、精神分裂症特点患者的风险防范意识,强化社区综合管理,加强医疗救助、监护人医学通识教育等,进而达到维护民众安全和减少严重精神障碍患者暴力犯罪行为的发生。

Objective To study the risks and influencing factors of violent crimes committed by patients receiving compulsory medical treatment,investigate the causes of crime,and propose targeted management and prevention strategies.Methods The basic information of patients who were sentenced to receive compulsory medical treatment by people’s courts at different levels from December 2022 to March 2023 was searched and collected from the China Judgments Online.Based on this data,an analysis was conducted on 206 patients with mental disorders who were sentenced to receive compulsory medical treatment by people’s courts at different levels in Guizhou Province from 2017 to 2021.The current situation of violent crimes was investigated,the influencing factors of violent crimes were analyzed,and the characteristics of violent crimes were summarized.Results Male,young and middle-aged,low education level,rural registered residence,unemployment,and schizophrenia were the risk factors for violent crimes(P<0.05).Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the risk prevention awareness of young and middle-aged,unemployed male patients with rural registered residence,low education level,and schizophrenia,to strengthen comprehensive community management and enhance medical assistance,medical general education for guardians,etc.,so as to maintain public safety and reduce violent criminal behaviors of patients suffering from severe me ntal disorders.