全程多元化健康教育护理在植入式静脉输液港乳腺癌化疗患者中的应用效果

Application effects of whole-course diversified health education nursing in breast cancer chemotherapy patients with implantable intravenous infusion port

目的:观察全程多元化健康教育护理在植入式静脉输液港乳腺癌化疗患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年4月该院收治的110例乳腺癌患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组各55例。所有患者均行植入式静脉输液港化疗,对照组实施常规护理,研究组实施全程多元化健康教育护理。比较两组一次置管成功率,导管留置情况,护理前后正负情绪[正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)]评分、自尊[罗森伯格自尊量表(SSES)]评分、应对方式[特质应对方式问卷(SCSQ)]评分、疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分、日常生活活动能力(ADL)评分、癌因性疲乏(癌因性疲乏测评量表)评分、睡眠质量[匹兹堡睡眠质量(PSQI)评分量表]评分,以及并发症发生率。结果:研究组一次置管成功率为98.18%,高于对照组的83.64%,导管留置3、6个月占比均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,两组正性情绪评分、SSES评分、积极应对评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,两组负性情绪、消极应对评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组ADL评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,两组VAS评分、癌因性疲乏性评分及PSQI评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:全程多元化健康教育护理应用于植入式静脉输液港乳腺癌化疗患者,可提高一次置管成功率,延长导管留置时间,改善患者情绪、自尊情况、应对方式及睡眠质量,减轻疼痛和癌因性疲乏,提高日常生活能力,效果优于常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of whole-course diversified health education nursing in breast cancer chemotherapy patients with implantable intravenous infusion port.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 110 breast cancer patients admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to April 2021.According to the random number table method,they were divided into control group and study group,55 cases in each group.All patients were treated with chemotherapy through the implantable venous infusion port.The control group was given routine nursing,while the study group was given the whole-course diversified health education nursing.The success rate of one-time catheterization,the catheter indwelling,the positive and negative emotions[positive and negative emotion scale(PANAS)]scores,the self-esteem[Rosenberg self-esteem scale(SSES)]score,the coping style[trait coping style questionnaire(SCSQ)]score,the pain[visual analogue scale(VAS)]score,the activity of daily living(ADL)score,the cancer-related fatigue(cancer-related fatigue assessment scale)score,the sleep quality[Pittsburgh sleep quality(PSQI)score]score,and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The success rate of one-time catheterization in the study group was 98.18%,which was higher than that in the control group(83.64%);the proportion of catheter indwelling for 3 and 6 months was higher than that in the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the positive emotion score,the SSES score and the positive coping score of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group;the negative emotion and the negative coping scores of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention,and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The ADL scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,and that in the observation group was higher than that in the control group;the VAS score,the cancer-related fatigue and the PSQI score of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention,and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group;and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:The whole-course diversified health education nursing in the breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with implantable venous access port can improve the success rate of one-time catheterization and the catheter indwelling time,improve the patients’emotions,self-esteem,coping style and sleep quality,reduce the pain and the cancer-related fatigue,and improve the activities of daily living.Moreover,it is superior to the routine nursing.