“酒香也怕巷子深”:媒体关注与基础研究产出

Even the Fragrance of Wine Fears the Depth of the Alley:Media Attention and Basic Research Output

加强基础研究是我国实现高水平科技自立自强的迫切要求。文章利用爬虫技术,爬取了2004—2019年基础研究报纸报道的独特样本,探讨媒体关注度对区域基础研究产出的影响。研究发现:适度的媒体关注有利于促进地区层面基础研究产出成果的增长,这种促进作用通过人才吸引、资金挤入、强化基础研究空间溢出效应三条途径实现;高素质劳动力缺乏、基础研究经费投入不足的区域更需要媒体的广泛关注,但过度的媒体关注也会催生“浮躁”之风,对基础研究产出产生不利影响;市场化水平的提高有利于发挥社会关注对基础研究产出的促进作用。政策启示在于,仅依靠中央财政对基础研究的投入已无法满足创新发展的需求,全社会的共同关注、多渠道的资金投入等是提升基础研究水平的重要途径。

In recent years,China's RD investment and innovation output have grown rapidly.However,there still exists a problem of “big but not excellent,and many but not strong”in the innovation field,which has led to insufficient investment in basic research and a single source of funding,becoming a key factor restricting the improvement of China's independent innovation capability.Basic research is viewed as a “cold-shoulder” field,whose funding primarily relies on government investment,and the long-term absence of a system that supports the development of basic research through the joint efforts of all social entities urgently needs to be constructed.Against the background of further deepening the reform of the basic research system and accelerating the development of basic research to climb the new peak of building a technological power,media can play an important role in attracting social attention and expanding the channels for basic research funding and talent sources.Media is the core channel for the dissemination of social information.On the one hand,it helps to break down information barriers between basic research and the market,enabling innovative entities to grasp market demand in real time and accelerate the transformation of basic research achievements;on the other hand,it helps market investors to fully understand the prospects of basic research projects and guide social capital into the field of basic research.Media coverage and publicity of the successful cases of basic research will enhance the RD enthusiasm of innovative entities.The monitoring function of the media can prevent the “misuse” and “abuse” of basic research resources.The public opinion orientation function of the media can transmit various positive information about basic research to talents,capital markets,and the general public,accelerating the construction of a comprehensive social system that supports the development of basic research.Based on this,this paper takes 30provinces in China's mainland as research samples,and uses web crawling technology to collect more than 80,000 provincial-level news reports from the “China Core Newspapers Full-text Database” from 2004 to 2019 with “basic research” as the main theme,empirically testing the impact of media attention on regional basic research and its mechanism.The study finds that:First,the enhancement of media attention through the three paths of talent attraction,funding competition,and spatial spillover effect significantly promotes the increase of basic research output in various regions.Second,in regions with lower labor quality and less investment in basic research,media attention is more critical for enhancing the output capacity of basic research.Third,the improvement of marketization level can strengthen the positive role of media attention.Fourth,excessive attention to basic research by the media is not necessarily better and may breed a“hasty” wind,which restricts the development of basic research.This paper has important reference value for optimizing China's basic research investment system,guiding the whole society to participate in basic research in a targeted manner,forming a good situation of diversified investment in basic research,and ultimately enhancing the output capacity of basic research.