切段机收原料蔗含杂率快速检测装置设计与试验

Design and Test of Rapid Detection Device for Impurity Content of Sugarcane Billets Harvested by Chopping Harvester

切段机收原料蔗内蔗叶、蔗蔸、蔗梢、泥沙等杂质含量过高会导致制糖设备磨损增加和高品质糖产出率下降。快速准确检测原料蔗含杂率,按实际含杂率扣除杂质量,有利于平衡糖厂和蔗农双方利益。我国糖厂目前采用人工分离原料蔗样本内所含杂质的方法计算含杂率,该方法耗费人工多、耗时长,难以实现一车一检。针对这一问题,该研究设计并试制了一种切段机收原料蔗含杂率快速检测装置。该装置由称重台、双层振动筛、轴流风机、电机等部分组成。每次检测的样本量为100 kg左右。上层振动筛分离蔗蔸,下层振动筛分离泥土。物料由上层筛降落到下层筛的过程中,轴流风机吹风去除蔗叶和细碎泥土。以除杂率为试验指标,选取风机转速(A)、振动频率(B)、喂入量(C)为试验因素,每个因素选取3个水平(A:1250、1350、1450 r/min;B:14、15、16 Hz;C:70、90、110 kg),进行了三因素三水平正交试验。结果表明:各因素对除杂率的影响由主到次顺序依次为:风机转速、喂入量和振动频率,最优组合为A3C3B1即风机转速1450 r/min、喂入量110 kg、振动频率14 Hz,该组合下平均除杂率为96.1%。该研究的技术与装备可以满足糖厂快速测杂的要求。

The excessive content of impurities such as leaves,root stumps,tops and soil in sugarcane billets harvested by the chopper harvester will lead to increased wear of sugar-making equipment and the decrease of high quality sugar yield.It is beneficial to balance the interests of sugar mills and sugarcane farmers to measure the impurity content of harvested billets quickly and accurately and deduct the impurity mass according to the actual impurity content.At present,the method of manual separation of impurities in billets samples is used to calculate the impurity content in sugar mills in China.The method is labor-intensive and time-consuming,and it is difficult to realize one carload one inspection.Aiming at this problem,a rapid detection device for the impurity content of billets harvested by chopper harvester was designed and developed.The device is composed of weighing table,double-layer vibrating screen,axial flow fan,motor and so on.The sample size for each test is about 100 kg.The upper vibrating screen separates the root stumps and the lower vibrating screen separates the soil.In the process of material falling from the upper screen to the lower screen,the axial flow fan blows away the cane leaves and fine soil.With the impurity removal rate as the test index,the fan speed(A),vibration frequency(B)and feeding amount(C)were selected as the test factors,and choosed three levels(A:1250,1350,1450 r/min;B:14,15,16 Hz;C:70,90,110 kg)for eache factor.Three factors and three levels orthogonal tests were carried out.The results show that the influence of various factors on the removal rate from main to secondary is as follows:fan speed,feeding amount and vibration frequency.The optimal combination is A3C3B1,that is,fan speed 1450 r/min,feeding amount 110 kg and vibration frequency 14 Hz,and the average removal rate under this combination is 96.1%.The technology and equipment of this research can meet the requirements of rapid impurity measurement in sugar mills.