历史观念与隋唐政局的变迁

Historical Concept and the Change of Political Situation in Sui and Tang Dynasties

历史观念常会主导社会上各类人物的实践活动,并由此构筑一定的历史事实。隋至唐初的四十余年间,大一统观念、天命观念和以史为鉴观念,对隋唐政局变迁的影响较为明显。大一统观念不仅推动隋统一大业的完成,而且造就空前辽阔的疆域与恢弘的盛世。天命观念既是隋政权建立与巩固的重要凭借,也是隋王朝走向崩溃瓦解的重要诱因。以史为鉴观念是唐太宗即位后放弃依赖天命、注重人事的主动选择,君臣重视学习历史,对治国理政的讨论强调以史为鉴,“贞观之治”由此形成。同一时期不同的历史观念有可能形成合力,共同影响政局的变迁。随着时代的变迁,同一种历史观念对政局的影响也会随之改变。

The historical concept often dominates the practical activities of all kinds of people in society,and thus casts a certain historical fact.During the forty years from Sui to early Tang,the concept of grand unity,the concept of destiny and the concept of taking history as a mirror had obvious influence on the political changes of Sui and Tang.The concept of grand unification not only promoted the completion of the great cause of Sui unification,but also created an unprecedented vast territory and a magnificent prosperous era.The concept of destiny is not only an important basis for the establishment and consolidation of Sui regime,but also an important incentive for the collapse of Sui Dynasty.The concept of taking history as a mirror was the active choice of Emperor Taizong to give up relying on the mandate of heaven and pay attention to personnel.The emperors and subjects paid attention to learning history and emphasized taking history as a mirror in the discussion of state governance.In the same period,different historical ideas may form a joint force and affect the change of political situation.With the change of times,the influence of the same historical concept on the political situation will also change.