催化脱除钢铁副产煤气中COS和H_(2)S的研究进展

Research advances on catalytic removal COS and H_(2)S from by-product gas in iron and steel industry

煤气是钢铁生产过程中重要的副产能源,其所含的羰基硫(COS)和硫化氢(H_(2)S)不仅造成环境污染,还在很大程度上限制了煤气的后续利用。因此,COS和H_(2)S的高效脱除是实现煤气清洁利用的必要前提。鉴于目前探究钢铁副产煤气脱硫过程的冗长和复杂性,迫切需开发一种能同步脱除COS和H_(2)S的双功能催化剂。本文首先从单独脱除COS和H_(2)S催化剂入手,分别探讨负载型和非负载型催化剂的研究现状,深入分析了负载型金属氧化物、负载型碳材料、复合金属氧化物和类水滑石在脱硫催化剂中应用情况,并对同步脱除COS和H_(2)S的双功能催化剂的研究现状进行梳理。在此基础上对COS加氢、水解和H_(2)S催化氧化机理进行了归纳,并着重讨论了双功能催化剂上脱除COS和H_(2)S的反应机理,同时对该催化剂的失活和再生研究进行总结。最后,展望了探究其他材料和改性方法在同步催化脱除COS和H_(2)S的可能性,减少副产物对催化剂的负面影响,并从开发高硫容、易再生、提高脱硫精度、真实氛围等关键方面来指导COS和H_(2)S同步脱除技术,为开发同步脱除COS和H_(2)S的双功能催化剂提供参考和借鉴。

Coal gas is an important by-product energy sources in the production process of iron and steel industry,in which carbonyl sulfide(COS)and hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)not only cause environmental pollution,but also greatly limit its subsequent utilization.Therefore,it is necessary to efficiently remove COS and H_(2)S from coal gas for their clean utilization.Given the lengthy and complex nature of the current desulfurization process of steel by-product gas,there is an urgent need to develop bifunctional catalysts for the simultaneous removal of COS and H_(2)S.In this paper,we start with the catalysts for the removal of COS and H_(2)S separately.The research status of supported and unsupported catalysts are discussed respectively,and the applications of supported metal oxide,supported carbon materials,composite metal oxide and hydrotalcite-like compound catalysts in desulfurization catalysts are analyzed in depth.Then its sorts out the current status of research on bifunctional catalysts for simultaneous COS and H_(2)S removal.On this basis,the mechanisms of COS hydrogenation,COS hydrolysis and H_(2)S catalytic oxidation are summarized,and that of removing COS and H_(2)S on bifunctional catalyst is emphatically discussed.At the same time,the researches on deactivation and regeneration of the catalyst are summarized.Finally,the possibility of exploring other materials and modification methods in the simultaneous catalytic removal of COS and H_(2)S are prospected to reduce the negative impact of by-products on the catalyst.It also gives the guide for the simultaneous removal technology of COS and H_(2)S from the key aspects of developing high sulfur capacity,easy regeneration,improving desulfurization accuracy and real atmosphere.