空间溢出视角下中国对非援助的出口贸易效应

The export trade effect of China’s aid to Africa from the perspective of spatial spillovers

作为全球发展治理的重要组成部分,对外援助已成为推动国际安全与经济发展的主要方式之一。使用2001—2017年40个非洲国家的面板数据,运用空间杜宾模型,实证检验了空间溢出视角下中国对非援助的出口贸易效应及影响机制。结果显示:第一,中国援助对出口贸易具有显著的提升影响和空间溢出效应;第二,受援国的基础设施显著加强了出口贸易的提升影响;第三,对低收入和沿海国家的援助具有空间溢出效应;第四,援助具有门槛效应,达到一定规模后才能促进出口贸易。为提升中国对非援助的出口贸易效应,应完善援助与贸易互动发展机制、增加基础设施援助、推动中国对非援助的有效配置、增加对低水平国家的援助。

As an important part of global development governance,foreign aid has become one of the main ways to promote international security and economic development.This paper uses panel data from 40 African countries from 2001 to 2017 and uses the spatial Durbin model to empirically test the export trade effect and impact mechanism of China’s aid to Africa from the perspective of spatial spillovers.The results show that first,China’s aid has significant upward effect and spatial spillover effect on export trade;Second,the infrastructure of recipient countries has significantly strengthened the impact of improving export trade.Third,aid to low-income and coastal countries has a spatial spillover effect;Fourth,aid has a threshold effect,and can only promote export trade after reaching a certain scale.In order to enhance the export trade effect of China’s aid to Africa,it is necessary to improve the interactive development mechanism of aid and trade,increase infrastructure assistance,promote the effective allocation of China’s aid to Africa,and increase aid to low-level countries.