基于SWOT-AHP的黔东南苗族侗族自治州稻田养鱼发展战略分析及对策建议

SWOT-AHP-based strategic analysis and countermeasures of paddy field fish farming in Qiandongnan Prefecture

为了给黔东南苗族侗族自治州(以下简称黔东南州)稻田养鱼发展战略决策提供理论依据,采用SWOT-AHP分析法,对黔东南州稻田养鱼的优势(历史悠久的稻鱼文化、规模庞大的产业基础、显著的综合效益),劣势(养殖模式较粗放、产业处于初级阶段、本地苗种产能低、缺乏品牌影响力),机遇(备受瞩目的农业文化遗产、逐渐完善的交通设施、凸显特色的农业文化、与时俱进的科学技术)和威胁(缺乏长效资金支持、农村劳动力缺失、本地苗种发展受限)进行了统筹分析。然后构建三层结构的战略层次,通过计算分析,绘制战略四边形确定战略方位角,得出黔东南州稻田养鱼发展战略应以开拓型战略为主,并考虑抗争型战略。在发展的过程中,应将这些指标相对应的环节作为重点考虑,即依靠科技支撑,提高苗种产能;夯实产业基础,提升综合效益;打造地方品牌,构建全产业链;用好交通设施,弘扬地方特色,以期为黔东南州稻田养鱼产业可持续发展提供有价值的参考信息。

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the strategic decision-making of paddy field fish farming in Qiandongnan Prefecture,this paper uses SWOT-AHP analysis method to analyze the advantages(long history of rice and fish culture,a huge industrial base and remarkable comprehensive benefits),disadvantages(extensive farming mode,primary industry,low productivity of local fry and lack of brand influence)and opportunities(policy-supported agricultural heritage protection,gradually improved transportation facilities,prominent agricultural culture,and scientific and technological development with the times)of fish farming in paddy fields in Qiandongnan Prefecture.Then,the strategic level of three-layer structure is constructed.Through calculation and analysis,the strategic quadrangle is drawn to determine the strategic azimuth,and it is concluded that the development strategy of fish farming in paddy field in Qiandongnan Prefecture should be based on pioneering strategy(SO),and the resistance strategy(ST)should be considered.In the process of development,the links corresponding to these indicators should be considered as the key points,that is:relying on scientific and technological support to improve the seed productivity;consolidating the industrial foundation and improving the comprehensive benefits;creating local brands and building the whole industrial chain;making good use of transportation facilities and carrying forward local characteristics in order to provide valuable reference information for the sustainable development of paddy field fish farming in Qiandongnan Prefecture.