机械结构表面接触理论研究进展及问题探讨

Research Progress and Problem Discussion of Mechanical Structure Surface Contact Theory

平整光滑的机械结构表面从微观看是由无数尺寸不同的微凸体构成,表面之间的接触特性通过微凸体群之间的相互作用来表征,这种接触特征导致接触过程的真实接触面积远小于名义面积,易发生局部过载造成磨损或压溃的现象,影响其工作性能,因此对于机械结构表面接触性能的研究一直是摩擦学和力学领域研究的热点。文中介绍了现有研究方法中应用最为广泛的统计学法和分形法的研究进展,并综合发展现状对现有相关研究中存在的待解决问题做简要探讨,为未来机械结构表面接触理论的进一步发展提供基础。

The flat and smooth mechanical structure surface is composed of numerous asperities of different sizes on a microscopic view.The contact characteristics between surfaces are characterized by the interaction of asperities.This contact feature causes the real contact area of the contact process to be far less than the apparent contact area,which is prone to wear or crush caused by local overload,so as to affects the working performance.Therefore,the research on the contact performance of the mechanical structure surface has been a hotspot in the field of tribology and mechanics.This paper introduces the research progress of the statistical method and fractal method,which are the most widely used in the existing research methods,and makes a brief discussion on the problems to be solved in the existing relevant research based on the current development status,so as to provide a basis for the further development of the contact theory of mechanical structure surface in the future.