欧阳江河1990年代诗歌的意义生成机制

The Meaning Generation Mechanism of Ouyang Jianghe's Poems in the 1990s

“非诗”词语的跨语境运用、“物质性”对语义的反哺以及“矛盾修辞法”,是欧阳江河1990年代诗歌意义生成的三个典型机制。诗人将“非诗”领域的词语,及其可能涵括的意义向度移植并填充到诗中,再借助更注重过程、更具敞开性的“叙述”行为,实现了词汇的扩展与意义领地的扩张;“非诗”领域词语入诗之后,诗人在“词物同向”和“词物异向”,即词与其指称物的意义指向一致与相异两个维度,将“词”与“物”勾连,完成了“物质性”对语义的反哺与填充,其意义走向变得不确定,也加大了理解与阐释的难度;被“物质性”填充的语义,借助“矛盾修辞法”有效表意。诗人通过“自反”与“它反”两种表意方式,以及“语义悖论”和“语境悖论”两个表意层次,增强了词语面对现实的言说效力。这三个意义生成机制构成了欧阳江河“90年代诗歌”的整体语言样态,彰显了现代汉语诗歌的写作难度,带来了语义的多元与繁复,同时也致使欧阳江河的诗歌变成“失心的写作”,产生了“词生词”的问题。

The cross-context use of"non-poetic"words,the feedback of"materiality"to meaning and"oxymo⁃ron"are three typical mechanisms of meaning generation in Ouyang's poems in the 1990s.The poet transplanted into and filled in his poems with words and their possible meanings from the non-poetic domain,and thus expanded the vocabulary and meaning boundaries through the more process-oriented and open"narration".After the use of"non-poetic"words in his poems,the poet linked"words"with"matters"in two dimensions--the consistency as well as difference between words and their referents in meanings,and completed the feedback of"materiality"to the meaning,thus making the meaning direction uncertain and increasing the difficulty of understanding and inter⁃pretation.Moreover,the meaning filled with"materiality"is effectively expressed by means of"oxymoron",since the poet enhanced the expressive power of words in the face of reality through two expressive modes of"reflexivity"and"otherness",as well as two expressive levels of"semantic paradox"and"contextual paradox".These three meaning-generating mechanisms constitute the overall linguistic pattern of Ouyang Jianghe's poems in the 1990s,which highlights the difficulty of modern Chinese poetry writing,brings about semantic diversity and complexity,and meanwhile causes Ouyang Jianghe's poems to become some sort of"careless writing",as well as leads to the is⁃sue of"unfamiliar words stemming from familiar ones".