循证健康教育对老年心脏机械瓣置换术后服用抗凝药的效果观察

Effect of Evidence-based Health Education on Anticoagulants in Elderly Patients After Mechanical Heart Valve Replacement

目的:探讨循证健康教育在老年心脏机械瓣置换术后抗凝药认知及远期效果。方法:择取2021年1月—2023年1月经本院收治的80例行心脏机械瓣置换术老年患者,循随机数字表法设对照组及观察组,每组40例。对照组予以常规抗凝教育,观察组在对照组基础上采用循证健康教育,比较两组抗凝认知情况、抗凝依从性及自我管理水平、远期效果[以国际标准化比值(INR)达标率及并发症发生情况。结果:观察组抗凝认知情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组抗凝依从性、自我管理问卷评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,INR达标率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:循证健康教育有助于提升老年心脏机械瓣置换术患者术后抗凝认知水平,抗凝依从性及自我管理水平增强,且INR达标率高,并发症发生率少,远期效果良好。

Objective:To explore the cognition and long-term effect of evidence-based health education on anticoagulants after mechanical heart valve replacement in the elderly.Methods:From January 2021 to January 2023,80 elderly patients undergoing mechanical heart valve replacement in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 40 patients in each group.The control group was given routine anticoagulation education,and the observation group was given evidence-based health education on the basis of the control group.The anticoagulation cognition,anticoagulation compliance,self-management level,longterm effect[international normalized ratio(INR)compliance rate and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The anticoagulation cognition of the observation group was better than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of anticoagulation compliance and self-management questionnaire in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the INR compliance rate was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Evidence-based health education is helpful to improve the postoperative anticoagulation cognition level,anticoagulation compliance and self-management level of elderly patients with mechanical heart valve replacement,and the INR compliance rate is high,the incidence of complications is low,and the long-term effect is good.