成都市某电子厂流水线工人的生命质量及其影响因素研究

Study on quality of life and its influencing factors in assembly line workers in an electronics factory of Chengdu City

目的 了解成都市某电子厂流水线工人的生命质量及其影响因素。方法 采用方便抽样,抽取2021年7—8月在成都市某电子厂流水线上工作的249名工人为调查对象,通过线上问卷调查的形式,采用简明健康调查问卷(the short-form 36 item health survey questionnaire,SF-36)对其生命质量进行测量和评价,并对数据进行分析。结果 与四川常模比较,成都市某电子厂流水线工人在生理功能、生理职能、躯体健康、总体健康、活力、情感职能和精神健康7个维度得分均低于四川常模,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。<23岁的工人在生理功能、生理职能、生理健康、社会功能和心理健康5个维度上得分最高,≥40岁的工人在以上维度得分最低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);籍贯为四川省内的工人在总体健康、生理健康和精神健康3个维度的得分皆高于四川省外的工人,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。年龄越大,工人的心理健康和生理健康状况越差(均P<0.05);籍贯为四川省外的工人生理健康状况更差(P<0.05)。结论 成都市某电子厂流水线工人的生命质量有待提升,主要受年龄和籍贯影响。建议企业能够加强对工人的健康教育和健康促进,关注工人的心理健康状况,并依法实行工会的职能,保障工人权利。

Objective To investigate the quality of life of assembly line workers in an electronics factory of Chengdu City and its influencing factors.Methods By the convenience sampling,a total of 249 workers working on an assembly line in an electronics factory in Chengdu were selected by convenient sampling from July to August 2021.Their quality of life was measured and evaluated by the short-form 36 item health survey questionnaire(SF-36)through an online questionnaire,and the data were analyzed.Results Compared with the norms of Sichuan,the scores of seven dimensions of physiological function,physiological function,physical health,overall health,vitality,emotional function and mental health among assembly line workers in an electronics factory of Chengdu City were lower than Sichuan norms,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The workers aged<23 years old had the highest scores in five dimensions of physiological function,physiological function,physical health,social function and mental health,while workers aged≥40 years old had the lowest scores in these dimensions,with statistical significance(all P<0.05).The scores of overall health,physical health and mental health in workers from Sichuan Province were higher than those in workers from outside Sichuan Province,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The older the workers were,the worse their mental health and physical health were(all P<0.05).The workers from outside Sichuan Province had worse physical health status(P<0.05).Conclusions The quality of life of assembly line workers in an electronics factory in Chengdu City needs to be improved,which is mainly affected by age and native place.It is suggested that enterprises can strengthen health education and health promotion for workers and pay attention to the mental health of workers,and carry out the functions of trade unions in accordance with the law to protect workers'rights.