离子在电化学装置中运动方向的研究

Motion Direction of Ions in Electrochemical Devices

判断离子在电化学装置中的运动方向是高中化学教学中的重要内容。教学中通常伴随着结论式概括:“原电池中的阴离子向负极移动,阳离子向正极移动;电解池中的阴离子向阳极移动,阳离子向阴极移动。”但这种结论存在片面性。我们可以对电化学装置、液相传质过程进行综合分析,通过设计实验等来引导学生进行质疑和探索,实现化学核心素养的提升。

This paper is about the motion direction of ions in electrochemical devices.The motion direction of ions in an electrochemical device is important content in senior high school chemistry teaching.There is usually a generalized conclusion in teaching:"The anion in the primary battery moves to the negative electrode,the cation moves to the positive electrode;the anion in the electrolysis cell moves to the anode,the cation moves to the cathode."But this conclusion has some flaws.We can conduct a comprehensive analysis considering the"electrochemical device"and""liquid-phase mass transfer".We design experiments to guide students to question and explore,thus improving their chemistry core literacy.