伊犁河谷生态系统服务价值时空演变及其驱动因素

Temporal and spatial evolution of ecosystem service value in Ili Valley and its driving factors

伊犁河谷是我国西部地区重要的生态屏障,也是“一带一路”重要经济区。基于土地利用变化挖掘其生态系统服务价值(ESV)驱动因素,对优化地区生态环境及协调人地关系有重要意义。本研究基于伊犁河谷2000—2020年3期土地利用数据,利用ArcGIS 10.8和Origin等软件,分析土地利用变化特征、ESV时空变化、生态系统服务权衡协同关系,运用地理探测器探究影响ESV空间分异的驱动因子及因子间交互关系。结果表明:2000—2020年,研究区土地利用变化明显,草地、水域面积大幅减少,建设用地面积增幅最大。ESV明显下降,主要表现为草地、水域的ESV下降及水资源供给服务功能的下降。ESV高价值区、较高价值区向低价值区、较低价值区转变。研究区内生态系统服务间的主导关系为协同关系,且呈增强趋势。伊犁河谷ESV空间分异的主要驱动因素是高程,流域两岸适合人类活动的低海拔平原地带是ESV低值区;各因素间交互作用表现为增强关系,自然因素的解释力高于社会经济因素。

Ili Valley is an important ecological barrier in western China and an important economic zone of the Belt and Road Initiative.Exploring the driving factors of ecosystem service value(ESV)based on land use change is of great significance for optimizing regional ecological environment and coordinating human-land relationship.Based on three periods of land use data from 2000 to 2020 in Yili Valley,we used ArcGIS 10.8 and Origin to analyze the characteristics of land use change,temporal and spatial variations of ESV,and the synergy and trade-offs of ecosystem services,and explored the driving factors affecting the spatial differentiation of ESV and the interaction among factors by using Geo-Detector.The results showed that land use change in the study area was obvious from 2000 to 2020,with the area of grassland and water area being greatly reduced and the largest increase for the area of construction land.The ESV of grassland and water area and the service function of water resource supply decreased significantly.ESV high value areas were transformed to low value areas.Synergy was the dominant relationship among ecosystem services in the study area,which showed an increasing trend.Elevation was the main driving factor of ESV spatial differentiation in Yili Valley,and the low elevation plain area suitable for human activities on both sides of the basin was the low ESV value area.The interaction between all factors was manifested as enhanced relationship,while the explanatory power of natural factors was higher than that of social and economic factors.