血常规检验红细胞参数在贫血鉴别诊断中的检验效果

Effectiveness of Erythrocyte Parameters of Routine Blood Tests in the Differential Diagnosis of Anemia

目的分析血常规检验红细胞参数在贫血鉴别诊断的检验效果。方法筛选2021年6月至2023年5月来漳州台商投资区角美社区卫生服务中心就诊的70例贫血患者,根据血清蛋白检测及地中海基因检测标准,确诊地中海贫血20例,缺铁性贫血50例。另选取50例体检结果正常的志愿者作为对照组。进行血常规检验红细胞参数,包括红细胞计数(RBC)、红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、平均红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)及红细胞压积(HCT),比较贫血和对照组以及地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血的红细胞参数差异。结果贫血患者RBC、RDW、MCV、MCHC、Hb、MCH、HCT水平均低于对照组,RDW水平高于对照组(均P<0.05)。地中海贫血患者RDW(18.42%±1.37%vs.23.91%±2.23%,P<0.001)、MCV[(66.51±2.84)fL vs.(72.06±3.41)fL,P<0.001]水平低于缺铁性贫血,MCHC[(320.01±8.54)g/L vs.(280.02±6.35)g/L,P<0.001]水平高于缺铁性贫血。结论通过血常规检验红细胞参数数值进行对比,有助于检出贫血疾病,且能够将地中海贫血与缺铁性贫血相鉴别,为临床制订针对性的诊疗方案提供依据。

Objective To analyze the test effect of red blood cell parameters of routine blood test in the differential diagnosis of anemia.Methods A total of 70 cases of anemia patients who came to Jiaomei Community Health Service Center of Zhangzhou Taiwan Business Investment Zone from June 2021 to May 2023 were screened,and 20 cases of thalassemia and 50 cases of iron deficiency anemia were diagnosed according to serum protein test and thalassaemia gene test standards.Another 50 volunteers with normal physical examination results were selected as the control group.Routine blood tests for erythrocyte parameters red blood cell count(RBC),red cell volume distribution width(RDW),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC),hemoglobin(Hb),mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH),and hematocrit(HCT)were performed to compare the differences in erythrocyte parameters between the anemic and control groups,as well as between thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia.Results The levels of RBC,RDW,MCV,MCHC,Hb,MCH,and HCT were lower and the levels of RDW were higher in the anemic patients than in the control group(all P<0.05).The levels of RDW(18.42%±1.37%vs.23.91%±2.23%,P<0.001),MCV[(66.51±2.84)fL vs.(72.06±3.41)fL,P<0.001]were lower than those of iron-deficiency anemia in thalassemia patients,and the levels of MCHC[(320.01±8.54)g/L vs.(280.02±6.35)g/L,P<0.001]levels were higher than iron deficiency anemia.Conclusions Comparison of erythrocyte parameters in routine blood tests can help to detect anemia and differentiate thalassemia from iron deficiency anemia,which can provide a basis for the development of clinically relevant treatment plans.