双向质量反馈护理对脊髓型颈椎病患者术后睡眠质量、自护能力和生活质量的影响

Effect of two-way quality feedback nursing on postoperative sleep quality,self-care ability,and quality of life in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy

目的探讨双向质量反馈护理对脊髓型颈椎病患者术后睡眠质量、自护能力和生活质量的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月海军军医大学第一附属医院收治的102例脊髓型颈椎病住院患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为观察组51例(运用双向质量反馈护理干预)和对照组51例(运用常规护理干预),两组患者均干预至出院前,比较两组患者干预前后的睡眠质量、疾病认知程度、自护能力和生活质量,出院前比较两组患者的术后恢复情况和并发症发生情况。结果出院前,观察组患者的睡眠质量评分为(20.38±2.37)分,明显低于对照组的(25.32±2.38)分,疾病认知程度评分为(79.32±8.32)分,明显高于对照组的(71.33±8.56)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院前,观察组患者的自护技能、自护责任感、自我概念、自护知识评分分别为(38.32±4.67)分、(21.56±3.65)分、(25.67±4.78)分、(68.78±6.12)分,明显高于对照组的(32.66±4.78)分、(17.67±2.50)分、(21.56±3.89)分、(56.23±6.34)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院前,观察组患者的颈部功能NDI评分、住院时间、颈部外固定时间分别为(17.34±1.65)分、(13.32±1.67)d、(65.33±4.89)d,明显低于对照组的(18.54±1.67)分、(14.66±1.78)d、(67.67±6.43)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院前,观察组患者的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质功能评分分别为(75.67±2.78)分、(68.78±2.12)分、(68.32±2.67)分、(71.56±3.65)分,明显高于对照组的(61.56±2.89)分、(62.23±2.34)分、(62.66±2.78)分、(62.67±2.50)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院前,观察组患者的并发症总发生率为3.92%,明显低于对照组的19.61%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论双向质量反馈护理能够改善患者睡眠质量,提高患者对疾病的认知程度和自身的自护能力,减少并发症的发生风险。

Objective To explore the effect of twoway quality feedback nursing on postoperative sleep quality,selfcare ability,and quality of life in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.Methods A total of 102 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected as research objects.According to random number table method,they were divided into an observation group(51 cases,twoway quality feedback nursing intervention)and a control group(51 cases,routine nursing intervention).Both groups of patients were intervened until discharge.The sleep quality,disease cognition degree,selfcare ability,and quality of life before and after intervention,and postoperative recovery and occurrence of complications after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results Before discharge,the sleep quality score in the observation group was(20.38±2.37)points,which was significantly lower than(25.32±2.38)points in the control group,while the disease cognition score was(79.32±8.32)points,significantly higher than(71.33±8.56)points in the control group(P<0.05).Before discharge,the scores of selfcare skills,selfcare responsibility,selfconcept,and selfcare knowledge in the observation group were(38.32±4.67)points,(21.56±3.65)points,(25.67±4.78)points,and(68.78±6.12)points,which were significantly higher than(32.66±4.78)points,(17.67±2.50)points,(21.56±3.89)points,and(56.23±6.34)points in the control group(P<0.05).Before discharge,the neck function NDI score,length of hospital stay,and external fixation time for neck in the observation group were(17.34±1.65)points,(13.32±1.67)d,and(65.33±4.89)d,which were significantly lower or shorter than(18.54±1.67)points,(14.66±1.78)d,and(67.67±6.43)d in the control group(P<0.05).Before discharge,the scores of physical function,psychological function,social function and material function in the observation group were(75.67±2.78)points,(68.78±2.12)points,(68.32±2.67)points,and(71.56±3.65)points,which were significantly higher than(61.56±2.89)points,(62.23±2.34)points,(62.66±2.78)points,and(62.67±2.50)points in the control group(P<0.05).Before discharge,the total incidence rate of complications in the observation group was 3.92%,which was significantly lower than 19.61%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Twoway quality feedback nursing can improve the sleep quality,enhance the disease cognition degree and selfcare ability,and reduce the risk of complications.