中国蘑菇类食药用菌近十年驯化栽培研究进展

Research progress of edible and medicinal mushroom domesticated and cultivated in China during the last 10 years

近年来,随着生物技术和现代工业技术的进步,我国食药用菌产业快速发展,人们对食药用菌的利用越来越广泛,食药用菌的品种结构明显提高。本文综述了近10年我国蘑菇类食药用菌驯化栽培最新的研究进展,对我国近10年新成功驯化栽培的33种蘑菇类食药用菌物种名录进行了整理;同时总结了这些新的食药用菌品种生长的最适温度、最适pH、最佳碳源、氮源以及最佳栽培料等生物学特性和驯化栽培条件,为我国食药用菌产业的快速发展提供了重要的基础资源和技术支撑。

In recent years,with advances in biotechnology and modern industrial technology,the industry of edible and medicinal fungi has been developed rapidly in China.Edible and medicinal fungi have been utilized more and more extensively and their varietal structure has been greatly improved.This review summarizes the latest research progress of edible and medicinal mushrooms domesticated and cultivated in China during the last ten years.A checklist of 33 edible and medicinal mushrooms that have been successfully domesticated and cultivated in China in recent ten years was sorted out,and the biological characteristics and cultivation conditions of these mushrooms,including the optimal growth temperature,pH,carbon source,nitrogen source,and substrate,etc.,are summarily introduced.