乌鲁木齐河流域地质生态环境变化趋势研究

Research on the Trends of Geological and Ecological Environment Changes in the Urumqi River Basin

通过在乌鲁木齐河流域开展山水林田湖草沙生态修复工程前期调查工作,分析乌鲁木齐河流域内土壤盐渍化、土地荒漠化、湿地的分布现状;分析2000—2020年轻度、中度、重度土壤盐渍化、土地荒漠化的分布变化特征、演变趋势、湿地分布变化特征及演变趋势;分析引起土壤盐渍化、土地荒漠化、湿地功能退化的原因。通过遥感解译及现场调查验证表明,自2000—2020年,乌鲁木齐河流域内轻度、中度、重度盐渍化面积,呈先增大后减少变化的趋势;轻度、中度、重度荒漠化面积呈持续减少的变化趋势;湿地面积呈快速下降趋势。

Through the preliminary investigation of the ecological restoration project of mountains,rivers,forests,fields,lakes,grasslands,and sand in the Urumqi River Basin,the distribution status of soil salinization,land desertification,and wetlands in the Urumqi River Basin was analyzed;Analyzed the distribution and evolution characteristics of mild,moderate,and severe soil salinization and land desertification from 2000 to 2010 to 2020,and analyzed the distribution and evolution trends of wetlands;Analyzed the causes of soil salinization,land desertification,and wetland functional degradation.The results of remote sensing interpretation and on-site investigation verification indicate that from 2000 to 2010 to 2020,the area of mild,moderate,and severe salinization in the Urumqi River Basin has shown a trend of first increasing and then decreasing;The area of mild,moderate,and severe desertification shows a continuous decreasing trend;The wetland area is showing a rapid downward trend.