铜矿区排土场生态恢复工程实施效果评价

Evaluation on implementation effect of ecological restoration project in copper mine dump

以复垦后的某铜矿区排土场生态系统为研究对象,从植被恢复、水土保持、地形地貌、污染治理效果等方面,系统分析了其生态修复工程的实施效果。结果表明:生态恢复区土壤酸性问题得到有效改善,土壤pH值提高至7.64~8.01,区域酸性水源头减量化明显,年产生量减少约18.14万m 3。治理区植物品种达17种,生物多样性高,植被覆盖度达95%以上。建设了截水沟、导水沟和排水沟,有效防止了地表汇水径流和平台积水对坡面土壤的冲刷作用。因势造形和修整坡面,提高了边坡稳定性和修缓坡面,复垦区域生态系统已进入正常的演替过程。本研究对生态恢复工程的实施效果进行系统评估,为矿区生态重建提供理论和实践依据。

Taking the ecological system of a copper mine after reclamation as the research object,the implementation effect of the ecological restoration project was systematically analyzed from the aspects of vegetation restoration,soil and water conservation,landform,pollution control effect,and so on.The results showed that the soil acidity problem in ecological restoration area was effectively improved with soil pH value increased to 7.64-8.01,and the effect of an ecological restoration project on acid water source reduction was significant,with an annual reduction of approximately 181400 m 3 in acidic water production.There were 17 plant species in the treated area,with high biodiversity and vegetation coverage of over 95%,and the construction of cutoff ditches,guide ditches,and drainage ditches effectively prevented the erosion of surface catchment runoff and platform water on slope soil.Due to the improvement of slope stability and gentle slope surface,the ecosystem in the reclaimed area has entered the normal succession process.This study systematically evaluated the implementation effect of ecological restoration projects,providing a theoretical and practical basis for ecological reconstruction in mining areas.