考虑强度和疲劳强度的机车抱轴箱体轻量化设计

Lightweight Design of Locomotive Axle Holding Box Considering Strength and Fatigue Strength

抱轴箱是机车转向架的重要组成部分,在支撑、固定驱动电机和保持运行平稳上起着重要作用,其轻量化设计可有效改善转向架的力学性能。本文建立了机车抱轴箱有限元模型,采用Ansys分析5种超常工况下的结构强度,采用Goodman-Smith曲线对3种运营工况进行疲劳强度分析。随后,以体积分数、周向循环对称为约束条件,以加权柔度最小为优化目标,利用OptiStruct软件对其进行多工况拓扑优化设计,优化后的抱轴箱结构可消除多个应力集中点,并实现10.8%的减重。

The axle box is a crucial component of a locomotive′s bogie,playing a significant role in supporting and securing the drive motor and maintaining smooth operation,and its lightweight design can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the bogie.In this paper,a finite element model of locomotive axle box is established,and Ansys is employed to analyze its structural strength under five abnormal working conditions,and the fatigue strength analysis of three working conditions is analyzed by Goodman-Smith curve.Subsequently,with the volume fraction as the constraint,axial cyclic symmetry and the weighted flexibility as the minimum optimization goal,OptiStruct software was used to optimize the multi-condition topology.The optimized axle box structure could eliminate multiple stress concentration points and achieve 10.8%weight reduction.