近代“戏曲”观念的建构与演进

Construction and Evolution of the Concept Modern Drama in China in 1840-1949

在近代,戏曲观念的建构和嬗变呈现出阶段性特征。在近代前期,文人的戏曲观念仍然较为传统,大多将戏曲看作是传统诗词的变体;20世纪初,戏曲改良运动极力提高戏曲的社会地位,使国人的戏曲观念实现了从古典到现代的转型。王国维的戏曲研究则从学理上确定了“戏曲”的内涵,奠定了现代戏曲学的基础;五四运动以后,戏曲观念的核心从启蒙转向救亡,从西化转向民族化,戏曲的政治属性被不断强化。

In modern times,there were stages of the construction and evolution of the concept of drama.In the early modern period,the literati’s concept of drama was still relatively traditional.Most of them regarded drama as a variant of traditional poetry.At the beginning of the 20th century,the reform movement of drama greatly improved its social status,which transform the concept of drama from classical to modern.Wang Guowei’s study of drama define drama from the academic theory and laid the foundation of modern drama studies.After the May Fourth Movement,the core of drama concept changed from enlightenment to salvation,from Westernization to nationalization,and the political attribute of drama was constantly strengthened.