季铵盐/两性壳聚糖改性真丝织物及其协同增效作用

Silk fabric modified by quaternary ammonium salt amphoteric chitosan and its synergistic effect

化学改性是进一步拓展蚕丝用途的重要技术手段,但传统单一物质改性难以同时实现绿色和高效改性目的。使用水溶性羧化壳聚糖(CMC)和2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(GTA)作为反应原料经串联反应对真丝织物(SF)进行化学改性。期待CMC为GTA提供更多的反应位点,GTA有助于稳定CMC并弥补其功能不足。对比分析了SF、SF CMC、SF GTA以及SF CMC GTA四种样品的形貌、结构、物化性能等。结果表明:串联反应在水溶剂中80℃条件下可成功实施;SF CMC GTA(1.5 mV)的Zeta电位相对SF(-26.3 mV)明显增加,其透气率和吸水率均最大,分别达到272 g(m^(2)·d)和326%;SF CMC GTA抗菌效果最明显,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌率均在99.9%以上,上染率相对SF提高了55倍。研究结果可为丝绸的绿色染整加工提供新的科学依据和技术路径。

With excellent wearability,biocompatibility and biodegradability,silk is widely used in textile,biomedicine,food and other fields.Chemical modification is an important technical means to further expand the use of silk.However,the protein properties of silk have high requirements on chemical raw materials and reaction paths,so it is difficult for traditional single substance modification methods to achieve green and efficient modification at the same time.In this paper,a new method of tandem chemical modification of real silk fabric(SF)using water-soluble carboxylated chitosan(CMC)and 2,3-epoxy-propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(GTA)is proposed for the first time.The morphology,structure and physicochemical properties of SF,SF CMC,SF GTA and SF CMC GTA samples were compared and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy,fourier transform infrared,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,tensile test and thermogravimetric analysis.The results show that although the amide bond formed by CMC reaction in infrared spectroscopy coincides with SF characteristic peak,the shift of carbonyl C binding energy and the increase of C—N peak area in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy prove that the tandem chemical modification can be successfully implemented at 80℃in aqueous solvent.The introduction of CMC provides more reaction sites for GTA,and a large number of hydroxyl groups forming after the reaction of GTA can form rich hydrogen bonds with CMC to help it stabilize.With the chemical modification in tandem,a small amount of fibrilla appeared on the surface of the fabric fiber.X-ray diffraction spectra also showed that the modification reaction was mainly in the amorphous region of the surface,and had little effect on the SF crystal structure.Compared with SF,the tensile strength(62.7 MPa)and thermal decomposition temperature(327℃)of SF CMC GTA have no obvious changes,which shows that the series modification method used in this work is mild and effective,and the modified fabric still maintains good mechanical properties and thermal stability.The difference is that compared with SF,the permeability and water absorption of SF CMC GTA increased significantly,reaching 272 g(m^(2)·d)and 326%,respectively,which should be related to the strong hydrophilic groups introduced by CMC and GTA.In addition,the Zeta potential of SF CMC GTA(1.5 mV)was significantly increased compared with that of SF(-26.3 mV),proving the high efficiency of tandem modification.Compared with the single modified sample SF CMC and SF GTA,the tandem-modified sample SF CMC GTA had a quite high antibacterial rate(above 99.9%)both against S.aureus and E.coli.The dyeing experiment showed that the dyeing rate of SF CMC GTA was 55 times higher than that of SF,which is expected to be applied in the field of non-washing printing and dyeing.This paper provides scientific data for the application of tandem reaction in functional modification of real silk fabrics and a new technical path for green silk dyeing and finishing.