从唐代契苾部族到元代高昌偰氏看西域文化家族的成因

The Causes of Forming Cultural Families in the Western Regions from the Qibi Tribe in the Tang Dynasty to the Gaochang Xie Clan in the Yuan Dynasty

元代高昌回鹘世家——偰氏文化家族,自北魏隋唐以来,世代活动于漠北、西域、河西,后定居北庭高昌。高昌偰氏长期以来崇尚和学习汉文化,历代不乏出任中原王朝官员者,自认中国人。入元后偰氏家族文人的社会影响增大,留有一些传世作品,且体现了崇儒尚用的文学风尚,是典型的受华夏文化滋养的家族。通过唐代契苾部族和元代高昌偰氏家族历史,也可以推知西域文化家族形成的历史,充分显示了回鹘部族自北朝隋唐以来形成的华夏文化共识,是入元以后西域色目文化家族形成的重要原因。文章广泛考察了北朝以来的相关史志、行状、墓志等文献资料,对学界多依据元代史研究察西域人文化家族或文人家族文化具有补充和深发意义。

The Uighur aristocratic family in Gaochang in the Yuan Dynasty Dynasty,the Xie clan cultural family,has been active in Mobei,the Western Regions,and Hexi for generations since the Northern Wei,Sui and Tang dynasties,and later settles in Gaochang,Beiting.The Gaochang Xie clan has long admired and studied the Han culture.There are many scholars becoming officials of the Central Plains through the ages,and they consider themselves Chinese.After entering the Yuan Dynasty,the social influence of the scholars of the Xie clan increased,leaving some handed down works,which reflected the literary style of advocating Confucianism and practicality.They were a typical family nourished by Chinese culture.Through the history of the Qibi tribe in the Tang Dynasty and the Xie clan in the Yuan Dynasty,it can also infer the history of the formation of cultural families in the Western Regions.It fully shows that the Chinese cultural consensus formed by the Uighur tribe since the Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang dynasties.It is an important reason for the formation of the Western Regions' Semu culture clan after the Yuan Dynasty.The article examines relevant historical records,deeds,epitaphs and other documents since the Northern Dynasties,which is of supplementary and in-depth significance to the academic circles who often study the cultural families of the Western Regions or the family culture of literati based on the history the Yuan Dynasty.