六朝道教传授仪研究——以早期经法主导模式为例

Research on Taoist Teaching Rituals in the Six Dynasties——Taking the Early Dominant Model of Scriptures as an Example

六朝灵宝道派的传承模式大体经历了以下三个阶段:以修炼技术为主导、以传承经典为主导和以法位为主导。这种传承模式的变化也大体可见于早期其他六朝道派。第一、二阶段记录主要见于葛洪所撰《神仙传》和《抱朴子内篇》及部分古灵宝经。通过罗列出早期灵宝传授仪式所涉及的模式及文本,与其他同时期经典对比,分析早期灵宝传授仪式所涉及传授模式、传授内容和法信材料及其神学理论,展示早期灵宝经教传统对金丹术为首的修炼技术的重视和对方士传统的承袭。

The inheritance model of Lingbao Taoist School in the Six Dynasties has generally gone through the following 3 stages:dominated by cultivation techniques,by inheritance of classics,and by legal status.The change in the inheritance model can generally be seen in other Taoist sects of the Six Dynasties in the early period.Records of the first and second stages are mainly found in The Biography of Immortals,Baopuzi Medical Collections,and some ancient Lingbao Sutras written by Ge Hong.By listing the models and texts involved in the early Lingbao teaching rituals,and comparing them with other classics of the same period,this paper analyzes the teaching modes,teaching contents,legal materials and theological theories involved in the early Lingbao teaching rituals.It demonstrates the early Lingbao Sutra tradition attaches great importance to cultivation techniques such as golden elixir technique and inheriting the tradition of alchemy.