论王闿运执掌四川尊经书院期间的礼制教育及其意义

An Analysis of Etiquette Education and its Significance in the Running of Sichuan Academy by Wang Kaiyun

清末著名学者王闿运以重视“三礼”研究而自成一格,在其担任书院山长期间,不遗余力推行礼乐教化,颇具特色。此前,由于资料缺乏,对其礼教活动的具体情况不甚明了。新近发现的《癸甲襄校录》详细记载了王氏当时组织举办大型礼仪活动的情况,足以弥补这方面的欠缺。从中可以发现王闿运在这类活动中绝非单纯的沿袭,而是实施了一系列创新性变革,呈现出与众不同的面貌,由此也折射出清末礼仪活动发展的新动向。在此基础上,王闿运还推行了一系列教学活动,形成了有一定体系、颇具成效的礼制教学模式,其工作建构了以书院为核心实施大型礼仪活动的路径;并真正体现以师为尊,师生互相尊重的理念;同时重视理论联系实际,学以致用;对当时作为移民大省的四川重建蜀学传统起到了推动作用。

Wang Kaiyun,a famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty,distinguished himself by attaching great importance to the study of the "Three Rites".During his tenure as the academy headmaster,he spared no effort to promote shaping the mind through advocating rituals and music.Previously,due to lack of information,the specific situation of its ritual activities was unclear.The newly discovered Guijiaxiang Xiaolu recorded in detail Wang's organization and holding of large-scale ceremonial activities at that time,which is enough to make up for the shortcomings in this aspect.Because of this,it can be found that Wang Kaiyun was by no means a mere follow-up in such activities,but implemented a series of innovative changes,presenting a unique look,which also reflected the new trends in the development of etiquette activities in the late Qing Dynasty.On this basis,Wang Kaiyun also implemented a series of teaching activities and formed a systematic and effective etiquette teaching model.His work established a path for implementing large-scale etiquette activities with the academy as the core.And truly embodied the concept of respecting teachers and respecting each other between teachers and students.At the same time,it attached great importance to integrating theory with practice and applying what have been learned.It played a role in promoting the reconstruction of the Shu Studies in Sichuan,which is a major immigrant province at that time.