明清金牛道剑阁段调查简报

Survey of Jiange Section of Jinniu Road from Ming-Qing Period

金牛道是蜀道南栈的主干道,丝绸之路南亚廊道东线的重要路段之一,现存道路以明清时期古道为主体,大约从陕西勉县经宁强县从七盘关进入四川境内广元市朝天区,经广元、绵阳、德阳抵达成都锦官驿作为终点,其中剑阁段是该道上保存最完好、最系统的路段。2018年4月,四川省文物考古研究院联合剑阁县文物管理所对明清金牛道剑阁段展开调查,此次调查不仅记录了金牛道剑阁段的位置,并且根据道路的保存状况,对其作了分级记录,同时对沿线桥梁、关隘、墓葬、建筑、石刻等相关遗迹进行了调查和标注。调查发现,金牛道剑阁段走向明确,一级路保存最长,二级路类型丰富,沿线共保留古行道树3672株。此次调查准确记录了剑阁段古道现存状况,简要记录了沿线文物点,为深入研究金牛道剑阁段提供了准确的资料。

Jinniu Road is the main stem of the southern Shudao Road and an important section of eastern South Asia Corridor of the Silk Road.Its extant remains mainly date back to the Ming and Qing dynasties.Starting from Mianxian County of Shaanxi Province,Jinniu Road stretches into the Chaotian District of Guangyuan city in Sichuan through Ningqiang County and Qipan Pass,and extends southwards to the Jinguan Post,its destination in Chengdu through Guangyuan,Mianyang and Deyang successively.Since the Jiange Section is the best and most systemically preserved part of Jinniu Road,Sichuan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Jiange County Administration of Cultural Relics conducted a survey on it in April 2018.During the survey,the road was recorded and rated according to its preservation status.Meanwhile,relevant relics such as bridges,passes,tombs,buildings,and stone carvings along the road were surveyed and recorded as well.According to the survey,Jiange section of Jinniu Road has a clear route with its majority rated as first grade,while the second grade part has the richest variety.A total of 3,672 ancient roadside trees are well preserved along the route.The survey provides an accurate record of the preservation status of the ancient road and a brief record of cultural relics along the way,which are valuable materials for in-depth study on the Jiange section of Jinniu Road.