基于经典人群口尝法的中药伴侣抑苦规律及应用规律研究

Study on bitter inhibition and application of Chinese medicine decoction mates based on traditional human taste panel method

目的掌握中药复合掩味佐剂-中药伴侣的抑苦规律,促进其科学规范地应用于临床。方法以御寒汤(Yuhan Decoction,YD)、龙胆泻肝汤(Longdan Xiegan Decoction,LXD)、三黄泻心汤(Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction,SXD)的传统汤剂(traditional decoction,TD)与配方颗粒汤剂(formula granule decoction,FGD)为载体,以甜橙味(M_(1))、巧克力味(M_(2))、咖啡味(M_(3))中药伴侣为掩味佐剂,制备原始汤剂和掩味汤剂,及其2、4、8、16、32倍稀释液,基于经典人群口尝法(traditional human taste panel method,THTPM),以苦度降低值(ΔI_(1))、修正抑苦率(calibrated rate of bitterness suppressing,CRBS)为指标,评价中药伴侣抑苦效能,并通过建立①原始汤剂苦度(I0)及掩味汤剂苦度值(I0’)与二者体积(V)、②同体积下掩味汤剂较原始汤剂的苦度降低值(ΔI_(1))与二者体积(V)、③稀释前后掩味汤剂苦度降低值(ΔI2)与稀释前后体积差值(V’)的预测模型,探索不同稀释倍数下中药伴侣的抑苦规律,进而总结应用规律以指导实际应用。结果测得不同体积下的中药伴侣对中药汤剂的ΔI_(1)、CRBS,中药伴侣对TD掩味效果相对较好(P<0.05),M_(2)掩味效果相对较好(P<0.05);抑苦规律:①I0/I0’-V共24组(R^(2)≥0.7242,P<0.05),随等比稀释,二者并非平行降低(P<0.01);②ΔI_(1)-V共18组(R^(2)≥0.8428,P<0.01),掩味汤剂在100~800 mL时,3种中药伴侣均能不同程度地降低中药汤剂的苦度(P<0.01);③ΔI2-V’共18组,拟合出17组预测模型(R^(2)≥0.7564,P<0.05),M_(1)掩味汤剂随稀释苦度变化幅度相对较小(P<0.01);应用规律:同等剂量等比稀释条件下,M_(1)适合“浓喝”,M_(2)、M_(3)适合“稀喝”。结论基于口尝法揭示了中药伴侣抑苦规律,进而总结了中药伴侣的应用规律,为中药伴侣的合理应用提供参考。

Objective To master the law of bitterness inhibition of Chinese herbal compound masking adjuvant,which is the Chinese medicine decoction mate,and promote its scientific and standard application in clinic.Method Traditional decoction(TD)and formula granule decoction(FGD)of Yuhan Decoction(YD,御寒汤),Longdan Xiegan Decoction(LXD,龙胆泻肝汤),and Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction(SXD,三黄泻心汤)were used as carriers,and sweet orange flavor(M_(1)),chocolate flavor(M_(2)),and coffee flavor(M_(3))Chinese medicine decoction mates were used as masking adjuvants to prepare the original decoction and masking decoction,as well as 2,4,8,16,and 32 times diluents.The traditional human taste panel method(THTPM)was used,with bitterness reduction(ΔI_(1))and calibrated rate of bitterness suppressing(CRBS)as indicators,to evaluate the bitter inhibition effect of Chinese medicine decoction mates.A prediction model was established for①the bitterness of the original decoction(I0),the bitterness value of the masking decoction(I0')and the volume of both(V),②the bitterness reduction value(ΔI_(1))and the volume of both(V)of the masking decoction compared with the original decoction at the same volume,and③the prediction model of the bitterness reduction value(ΔI2)and volume difference before and after dilution(V')of the masking decoction,to explore the bitterness inhibition rule of Chinese medicine decoction mates under different dilution times,and then summarize the application law for guiding practical application.Results TheΔI_(1) and CRBS of Chinese herbal decoction under different volumes,the taste masking effect of Chinese medicine decoction mates on TD was relatively better,and that of M_(2) was relatively better(P<0.05).The law of bitterness inhibition was as follows:①I0/I0'-V,a total of 24 groups(R^(2)≥0.7242,P<0.05),with proportional dilution,the two did not decrease in parallel(P<0.01);②ΔI_(1)-V consists of 18 groups(R^(2)≥0.8428,P<0.01),all three Chinese medicine decoction mates could reduce the bitterness of traditional Chinese medicine decoction to varying degrees when the masking decoction was 100—800 mL(P<0.01);③A total of 18 groups ofΔI2-V'were fitted with 17 prediction models(R^(2)≥0.7564,P<0.05),and M_(1) masking decoction had a relatively small change in bitterness with dilution(P<0.01).The application rule suggested that under the condition of equal ratio dilution of the same dose,M_(1) is suitable for“strong drinking”,while M_(2) and M_(3) are suitable for“light drinking”.Conclusion Based on the oral taste method,the law of inhibiting bitterness in Chinese medicine decoction mates has been revealed,and the application rules of Chinese medicine decoction mates have been summarized,providing a reference for the rational application of Chinese medicine decoction mates.