基于政策工具和目标的碳减排政策文本量化研究

Quantitative Research on Carbon Emission Reduction Policy Text Based on Policy Tools and Policy Objectives

梳理和分析我国出台的碳减排相关政策,采用内容分析法从政策工具与政策目标两个维度来构建碳减排政策分析框架,全面细致地揭示碳减排政策工具的运行情况,剖析碳减排政策的特征,分析存在的问题并提出建议。结果表明:我国碳减排政策分为萌芽期(2007—2013年)、初步发展期(2014—2018年)和快速发展期(2019年至今)3个发展阶段;我国碳减排政策发文以单部门为主,其中生态环境部发挥中坚力量,缺乏部门间的合作;我国碳减排政策类型以通知、办法为主,权威性较强的法律法规相对欠缺,政策平均效力有待提升;我国碳减排政策的政策工具更倾向于使用命令控制手段,主要聚焦于碳排放报告和核查、目标规划和碳交易平台建设3个方面;我国碳减排政策目标着重于完善碳交易市场、数量控制和促进能源结构变动3个方面。

The paper constructs the carbon emission reduction analytical framework from policy tools and policy objectives di-mensions based on the content analysis of China's carbon emission reduction policy.This paper comprehensively reveals the operation of China's carbon emission reduction policy,the characteristics of China's carbon emission reduction policy,prob-lems,and suggestions.Results show that the development of China's carbon emission reduction policies can be divided into three stages:the germination period(2007—2013),the initial development period(2014—2018),and the rapid develop-ment stage(2019 year to date).China's carbon emission reduction policy is dominated by single departments,in which the Ministry of Ecology and Environment plays the leading role and lacks inter-departmental cooperation.The type of China's carbon emission reduction policies is mainly notification,lack laws and regulations,and the average effect of the policies needs to be enhanced.The policy tools of China's carbon emission reduction policy are more command-and-control,mainly focusing on carbon emission reporting and verification,target planning,and carbon trading platform construction.China's car-bon emission reduction policies focus on the carbon trading market,quantity control,and energy structure transformation.